Hemorrhagic disease of the newborn is a bleeding disorder that usually develops shortly after a baby is born.
Alternative NamesVitamin K deficiency bleeding; VKDB
Causes, incidence, and risk factorsA lack of vitamin K causes hemorrhagic disease of the newborn. Vitamin K plays an important role in blood clotting.
Babies usually have low levels of vitamin K for a variety of reasons. Vitamin K doesn't move easily across the placenta from the mother to the baby. As a result, a newborn doesn't have much vitamin K stored up at birth. Also, there isn't much vitamin K in breast milk.
Your baby may develop this condition if:
The condition is grouped into three categories:
Newborns and infants with the following problems are more likely to develop this disorder:
The condition causes bleeding. The most common areas of bleeding include:
There may also be:
Blood clotting tests will be done.
The diagnosis is confirmed if a vitamin K shot stops the bleeding and blood clotting time (prothrombin time) is within normal limits.
TreatmentVitamin K is given if bleeding occurs. Patients with severe bleeding may need blood transfusions.
Expectations (prognosis)The outlook tends to be worse for babies with late onset hemorrhagic disease than other forms. There is a higher rate of bleeding inside the skull (intracranial hemorrhage) associated with the late onset condition.
ComplicationsCall your doctor if your baby has any unexplained bleeding.
PreventionThe American Academy of Pediatrics recommends giving every baby a shot of vitamin K immediately after birth. This practice has helped prevent the condition, which is now rare in the U.S.
The early onset form of the disease may be prevented by giving vitamin K shots to pregnant women who take anti-seizure medications.
ReferencesBlood Disorders. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007: chap 103.
American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Fetus and Newborn. Policy statement: controversies concerning vitamin K and the newborn. Pediatrics. 2003;112:191-192.
Hemorrhagic disease of the newborn is a bleeding disorder that usually develops shortly after a baby is born.
Alternative NamesVitamin K deficiency bleeding; VKDB
Causes, incidence, and risk factorsA lack of vitamin K causes hemorrhagic disease of the newborn. Vitamin K plays an important role in blood clotting.
Babies usually have low levels of vitamin K for a variety of reasons. Vitamin K doesn't move easily across the placenta from the mother to the baby. As a result, a newborn doesn't have much vitamin K stored up at birth. Also, there isn't much vitamin K in breast milk.
Your baby may develop this condition if:
The condition is grouped into three categories:
Newborns and infants with the following problems are more likely to develop this disorder:
The condition causes bleeding. The most common areas of bleeding include:
There may also be:
Blood clotting tests will be done.
The diagnosis is confirmed if a vitamin K shot stops the bleeding and blood clotting time (prothrombin time) is within normal limits.
TreatmentVitamin K is given if bleeding occurs. Patients with severe bleeding may need blood transfusions.
Expectations (prognosis)The outlook tends to be worse for babies with late onset hemorrhagic disease than other forms. There is a higher rate of bleeding inside the skull (intracranial hemorrhage) associated with the late onset condition.
ComplicationsCall your doctor if your baby has any unexplained bleeding.
PreventionThe American Academy of Pediatrics recommends giving every baby a shot of vitamin K immediately after birth. This practice has helped prevent the condition, which is now rare in the U.S.
The early onset form of the disease may be prevented by giving vitamin K shots to pregnant women who take anti-seizure medications.
ReferencesBlood Disorders. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 19th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2011.
American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Fetus and Newborn. Policy statement: controversies concerning vitamin K and the newborn. Pediatrics. 2003;112:191-192.
Reviewed ByReview Date: 01/27/2012
Kimberly G. Lee, MD, MSc, IBCLC, Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
The most common use of vitamin K is to supplement babies at birth, thus preventing hemorrhagic disease of the newborn.
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The disease runs its course in about 10 days
There are several. Ebola and Lassa Fever are two of them. Check out the website for the CDC, Centers for Disease Control.
Ebola itself is a disease (a filovirus or filoviridae). It causes severe hemorrhaging. The disease itself's full name is Ebola hemorrhagic fever.
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