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It is uncertain what the exact causes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are, but medical and psychology experts suggest that there are specific factors closely associated with the disorder. Scientists believe that in addition to genetics, environmental factors can contribute to ADHD. Researches also believe that diet, traumatic brain injuries, and the patient's social environment play an important role.

Genetics

Genes are the "blueprints" which dictate what mental and physical qualities any given person carries. Experts believe that genes play a major part in who does, or does not, develop ADHD. Several genes have been identified as being responsible for ADHD, and being the case, future prophylactic (preventative) treatments for the disorder are being investigated. Studying these specific genes could also help scientists make improvement in the symptomatic treatment of ADHD.

Neurophysiology experts have conducted imaging studies which show that some children who carry these ADHD genes have thinner tissue in the areas of the brain which correlate with attention. This difference in the brain is not believed to be permanent, and a healthy level of thickness is usually achieved by early adulthood. This may explain why symptoms of ADHD more often than not improve with age.

Environmental Factors

Specific environmental factors which may cause or antagonize ADHD include prenatal alcohol exposure, lead poisoning, and second hand cigarette smoke. For instance, some studies have shown a link that children who live in homes with older or outdated paint jobs and Plumbing have an increased chance of developing ADHD than in those who don't.

Diet

Recent research has shown a potential link between the intake of specific food additives including preservatives and artificial colors, and an increase in ADHD diagnoses. However, while the notion that sugars cause or aggravate ADHD in children has become popular, recent studies disprove this theory. Further research is being conducted to determine the exact role that nutrition plays in the development of ADHD.

Brain Injuries

Some children who suffered a traumatic brain injury exhibit behaviors which are not unlike those of ADHD. However, it is thought that only a fraction of children diagnosed with ADHD previously received any type of brain injury.

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