Learning About Ovarian Cancer

Answer 1

Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer deaths and the deadliest gynecologic cancer in the United States. It often goes undetected as its symptoms are similar to those of other ailments. There is no test designed for early detection, unlike how a pap smear is used for early detection of Cervical cancer. In 85% of cases, the cancer isn't detected until it's spread beyond the ovaries. Symptoms Symptoms of ovarian cancer do exist, but they are often vague and not seen as anything serious. They often are seen as symptomatic of digestive disorders. Common symptoms are: Abdominal pressure, swelling, bloating, or fullness Pelvic pain or discomfort Low Back pain Persistent indigestion, nausea, or gas Changes in bowel habits Loss of appetite Lack of energy Increase in abdomen size, especially at the waist Diagnosis There are several ways to diagnose ovarian cancer, including a pelvic exam, ultrasound, and surgery to remove tissue samples for a biopsy. There is also the CA 125 blood test, which measures the levels of a protein found on the surface of ovarian cancer cells. This test is often not used as women in the early stages of ovarian cancer tend to have normal levels of CA 125. Treatment Surgery is often used to treat ovarian cancer. It involves either the removal of an ovary and Fallopian tube or a hysterectomy. Any other tissue showing cancerous cells will be removed. Chemotherapy and radiation are other treatments, either on their own or after surgery. Risk Factors Every woman is at risk for developing this cancer. Other factors are older age, never giving birth either by choice or infertility, endometriosis, and a family history of ovarian, breast or colon cancer. Around 10% of cases are due to genetics and there is genetic testing to help determine if you are at risk. Facts and Statistics It is estimated that one in 71 women will develop ovarian cancer in her lifetime. Only 19% of cases are detected early. It is also estimated that there will be over 22,000 new diagnoses in 2013 and nearly 14,000 deaths. The 5-year survival rate is over 90%. There is currently research being done by the National Cancer Institute to find early detection methods and ways to prevent this cancer. Considering 3% of cancer in women is ovarian in nature, preventing and detecting it is of utmost importance.