Orchitis is swelling (inflammation) of one or both of the testicles.
Alternative NamesEpididymo-orchitis; Testis infection
Causes, incidence, and risk factorsOrchitis may be caused by an infection from many different types of bacteria and viruses. It is usually a result of epididymitis, inflammation of the tube that connects the vas deferens and the testicle.
The most common virus that causes orchitis is mumps. It most often occurs in boys after puberty, and is rare before the age of 10. Orchitis usually develops 4 - 6 days after the mumps. Some boys who get orchitis caused by mumps will have shrinking of the testicles (testicular atrophy).
Orchitis can develop in men with the rare disease, brucellosis.
Orchitis may also occur along with infections of the prostate or epididymis. It may be caused by sexually transmitted diseases (STD), such as gonorrhea or chlamydia. The rate of sexually transmitted orchitis or epididymitis is higher in men ages 19 - 35.
Risk factors for orchitis not due to an STD include:
Risk factors for sexually transmitted orchitis include:
A physical examination may show:
Tests may include:
Treatments may include:
Getting the right diagnosis and treatment for orchitis caused by bacteria can usually preserve the normal testicle function.
Mumps orchitis cannot be treated, and the outcome can vary. Men who have had mumps orchitis have become sterile.
ComplicationsOrchitis may cause infertility and shrinking (atrophy) of one or both testicles.
Other potential complications include:
Acute pain in the scrotum or testicles can be a surgical emergency. If you have sudden pain in the scrotum or testicles, get immediate medical attention.
Calling your health care providerCall the local emergency number (such as 911) or go to the nearest emergency room if you experience sudden pain in the testicle.
PreventionGetting vaccinated against mumps will prevent mumps-associated orchitis. Safer sex behaviors, such as having only one partner at a time (monogamy) and condom use, will decrease the chance of developing orchitis as a result of a sexually transmitted disease.
ReferencesNickel JC. Inflammatory conditions of the male genitourinary tract: prostatitis and related conditions, orchitis, and epididymitis. In: Wein AJ, ed. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 9.
Mason WH. Mumps. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 245.
Orchitis is swelling (inflammation) of one or both of the testicles.
Alternative NamesEpididymo-orchitis; Testis infection
Causes, incidence, and risk factorsOrchitis may be caused by an infection from many different types of bacteria and viruses.
The most common virus that causes orchitis is mumps. It most often occurs in boys after puberty. Orchitis usually develops 4 - 6 days after the mumps begins. Because of childhood vaccinations, mumps is now rare in the United States.
Orchitis may also occur along with infections of the prostate or epididymis.
Orchitis may be caused by sexually transmitted diseases (STD), such as gonorrheaor chlamydia. The rate of sexually transmitted orchitis or epididymitis is higher in men ages 19 - 35.
Risk factors for sexually transmitted orchitis include:
Risk factors for orchitis not due to an STD include:
A physical examination may show:
Tests may include:
Treatments may include:
Getting the right diagnosis and treatment for orchitis caused by bacteria can usually preserve the normal testicle function.
If the testicle does not completely return to normal after treatment, further testing to rule out testicular cancer should be done.
Mumps orchitis cannot be treated, and the outcome can vary. Men who have had mumps orchitis can become sterile.
ComplicationsSome boys who get orchitis caused by mumps will have shrinking of the testicles (testicular atrophy).
Orchitis may also cause infertility.
Other potential complications include:
Acute pain in the scrotum or testicles can be caused by twisting of the testicular blood vessels (torsion), which is a surgical emergency. If you have sudden pain in the scrotum or testicles, get immediate medical attention.
Calling your health care providerAll testicle abnormalities should be medically evaluated. Call the local emergency number (such as 911) or go to the nearest emergency room if you experience sudden pain in the testicle.
PreventionGetting vaccinated against mumps will prevent mumps-associated orchitis. Safer sex behaviors, such as having only one partner at a time (monogamy) and condom use, will decrease the chance of developing orchitis as a result of a sexually transmitted disease.
ReferencesKrieger JN. Prostatitis, epididymitis, and orchitis. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone;2009:chap 109.
MacDonald NE. Epididymitis, orchitis, and prostatitis. in: Long SS, ed. Principles and Practice of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone;2008:chap 57.
Reviewed ByReview Date: 09/03/2010
Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington School of Medicine; and Scott Miller, MD, Urologist in private practice in Atlanta, Georgia. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
i think its because the same virus that can cause mumps can cause orchitis too
infection
No
in the testicles
Viral mumps is the most common cause of orchitis. Bacterial infections associated with the disorder are tuberculosis, syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia. A mechanical injury to the groin area may also cause orchitis.
Orchitis is usually unilateral and lasts between one and two weeks. Atrophy of the scrotum occurs in 60% of orchitis cases. However, hormonal function is not affected and resulting sterility is rare from mumps.
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The people most susceptible to orchitis are those with inadequate mumps inoculation and, in the case of sexually transmitted orchitis, those who practice unsafe sex or have a history of sexually transmitted disease. Inadequate protection.
Elevation and support of the scrotum, and the application of cold packs to the groin area give some relief from the pain of orchitis. Medication for pain such as codeine and meperidine may be given. Only the symptoms of viral mumps orchitis.
Woman do not get this disease, since they do not have testes
Orchitis is the inflammation of one or both testicles. The symptoms include swelling of the testicles, pain in the region, pain when sitting, nausea and possibly fever.
Orchitis is inflammation of a testicle.orchitis