0
A sialogram is an x-ray of the salivary ducts and glands.
The salivary glands are located on each side of the face and send saliva into the mouth.
Alternative NamesPtyalography; Sialography
How the test is performedThe test is performed in a hospital radiology department or in the health care provider's office by an x-ray technician. You may be given a sedative before the procedure.
You will be asked to lie on your back on the x-ray table. An x-ray is taken before the contrast material is injected to ensure that no stones are present to stop the contrast material from entering the ducts.
A catheter (a small flexible tube) will be inserted through your mouth and into the duct of the salivary gland. A contrast medium in then injected into the duct so that the duct will show up on the x-ray. X-rays will be taken from a number of positions.
You may be given lemon juice by mouth to help stimulate the production of saliva. Pictures are repeated to examine the drainage of the saliva into the mouth.
How to prepare for the testInform the health care provider if you are:
- Pregnant
- Allergic to x-ray contrast material or any iodine substance
- Allergic to any drugs
You must sign a consent form. You will need to rinse your mouth with an antiseptic (germ-killing) solution before the procedure.
How the test will feelThere is some discomfort or pressure when the contrast material is injected into the ducts. The contrast material may taste unpleasant.
Why the test is performedA sialogram may be done when your doctor thinks you might have a disorder of the salivary ducts or glands.
What abnormal results meanAbnormal results may suggest:
- Narrowing of the salivary ducts
- Salivary gland infection or inflammation
- Salivary duct stones
- Salivary duct tumor
There is low radiation exposure. X-rays are monitored and regulated to provide the minimum amount of radiation exposure needed to produce the image. Most experts feel that the risk is low compared with the benefits. Pregnant women and children are more sensitive to the risks of x-rays.
Wiki User
∙ 13y ago
Wiki User
∙ 12y agoA sialogram is an x-ray of the salivary ducts and glands.
The salivary glands are located on each side of the face and send saliva into the mouth.
Alternative NamesPtyalography; Sialography
How the test is performedThe test is performed in a hospital radiology department or in the health care provider's office by an x-ray technician. You may be given a sedative before the procedure.
You will be asked to lie on your back on the x-ray table. An x-ray is taken before the contrast material is injected to ensure that no stones are present to stop the contrast material from entering the ducts.
A catheter (a small flexible tube) will be inserted through your mouth and into the duct of the salivary gland. A contrast medium in then injected into the duct so that the duct will show up on the x-ray. X-rays will be taken from a number of positions.
You may be given lemon juice by mouth to help stimulate the production of saliva. Pictures are repeated to examine the drainage of the saliva into the mouth.
How to prepare for the testTell the health care provider if you are:
- Pregnant
- Allergic to x-ray contrast material or any iodine substance
- Allergic to any drugs
You must sign a consent form. You will need to rinse your mouth with germ-killing (antiseptic) solution before the procedure.
How the test will feelThere is some discomfort or pressure when the contrast material is injected into the ducts. The contrast material may taste unpleasant.
Why the test is performedA sialogram may be done when your doctor thinks you might have a disorder of the salivary ducts or glands.
What abnormal results meanAbnormal results may suggest:
- Narrowing of the salivary ducts
- Salivary gland infection or inflammation
- Salivary duct stones
- Salivary duct tumor
There is low radiation exposure. X-rays are monitored and regulated to provide the minimum amount of radiation exposure needed to produce the image. Most experts feel that the risk is low compared with the benefits. Pregnant women and children are more sensitive to the risks of x-rays.
Reviewed ByReview Date: 03/05/2011
Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine; and Seth Schwartz, MD, MPH, Otolaryngologist, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
Add your answer:
Earn +20 pts
What are some nine letter words with 1st letter S and 4th letter L and 5th letter O and 8th letter A?
According to SOWPODS (the combination of Scrabble dictionaries used around the world) there are 2 words with the pattern S--LO--A-. That is, nine letter words with 1st letter S and 4th letter L and 5th letter O and 8th letter A. In alphabetical order, they are: scalogram sialogram
What are some nine letter words with 2nd letter I and 6th letter G and 8th letter A?
According to SOWPODS (the combination of Scrabble dictionaries used around the world) there are 13 words with the pattern -I---G-A-. That is, nine letter words with 2nd letter I and 6th letter G and 8th letter A. In alphabetical order, they are: bilingual diplegias hierogram histogram kissagram kissogram microgram milligram mishegaas nightgear pictogram sialogram videogram
What are some nine letter words with 1st letter S and 5th letter O and 6th letter G and 9th letter M?
According to SOWPODS (the combination of Scrabble dictionaries used around the world) there are 6 words with the pattern S---OG--M. That is, nine letter words with 1st letter S and 5th letter O and 6th letter G and 9th letter M. In alphabetical order, they are: scalogram sialogram sociogram spirogram spodogram syllogism
What are some nine letter words with 1st letter S and 6th letter G and 7th letter R and 9th letter M?
According to SOWPODS (the combination of Scrabble dictionaries used around the world) there are 5 words with the pattern S----GR-M. That is, nine letter words with 1st letter S and 6th letter G and 7th letter R and 9th letter M. In alphabetical order, they are: scalogram sialogram sociogram spirogram spodogram
What are some nine letter words with 4th letter L and 5th letter O and 8th letter A?
According to SOWPODS (the combination of Scrabble dictionaries used around the world) there are 22 words with the pattern ---LO--A-. That is, nine letter words with 4th letter L and 5th letter O and 8th letter A. In alphabetical order, they are: amyloidal apologiae apologias cheloidal chelonian coelostat colloidal cycloidal cyclopean cyclopian diplopias fellowman geologian haplopias millocrat myelogram neologian ochlocrat pyelogram scalogram sialogram vallonias
What are some nine letter words with 1st letter S and 3rd letter A and 5th letter O?
According to SOWPODS (the combination of Scrabble dictionaries used around the world) there are 32 words with the pattern S-A-O----. That is, nine letter words with 1st letter S and 3rd letter A and 5th letter O. In alphabetical order, they are: scalogram scapolite scatology scazontes scazontic seaboards seabottle seacoasts seahorses seahounds seamounts searobins seasonals seasoners seasoning seaworthy shadowbox shadowers shadowier shadowily shadowing shamoying sialogram sialolith slalomers slaloming slalomist slavocrat slavophil starostas statocyst statolith
What are some nine letter words with 2nd letter I and 4th letter L and 5th letter O?
According to SOWPODS (the combination of Scrabble dictionaries used around the world) there are 59 words with the pattern -I-LO----. That is, nine letter words with 2nd letter I and 4th letter L and 5th letter O. In alphabetical order, they are: billowier billowing biologics biologies biologism biologist dialogers dialoging dialogise dialogism dialogist dialogite dialogize dialogued dialoguer dialogues diglossia diglossic diglottic diplogens diploidic diplomacy diplomaed diplomata diplomate diplomats diplonema diplontic diplopias diplopods diplotene diplozoic diplozoon disloaded dislocate dislodged dislodges disloigns hilloaing hillocked killogies millocrat mislocate mislodged mislodges piclorams pilloried pillories pillorise pillorize pillowing sialogram sialolith villosity villously willowers willowier willowing willowish
Salivary gland tumors?
DefinitionSalivary gland tumors are abnormal cells growing in the ducts that drain the salivary glands.Alternative NamesTumor - salivary ductCauses, incidence, and risk factorsThe salivary glands are located around the mouth. They produce saliva, which moistens food to help with chewing and swallowing.Saliva contains enzymes that begin the digestion process, and help cleanse the mouth by washing away bacteria and food particles. By keeping the mouth moist, saliva helps to keep dentures, retainers, or other orthodontic appliances in place.There are three pairs of major salivary glands. The largest are the parotid glands, located in each cheek over the jaw in front of the ears. Two submandibular glands are at the back of the mouth on both sides of the jaw. Two sublingual glands are under the floor of the mouth. There are also thousands of minor salivary glands around the rest of the mouth.All of the salivary glands empty saliva into the mouth through ducts that open at various locations in the mouth.Salivary gland tumors are rare, especially in children. Swelling of the salivary glands is most commonly due to:Abdominal surgeryCirrhosis of the liverInfectionsOther cancersSalivary duct stonesSalivary gland infectionsSarcoidosisSjogren syndromeThe most common type of salivary gland tumor is a slow-growing noncancerous (benign) tumor of the parotid gland that gradually increases the size of the gland. However, some of these tumors can be cancerous (malignant).Malignant salivary gland tumors are usually carcinomas.SymptomsA firm, usually painless swelling in one of the salivary glands (in front of the ears, under the chin, or on the floor of the mouth); the size of the swelling gradually increases.Difficulty moving one side of the face, known as facial nerve palsySigns and testsAn examination by a health care provider or dentist shows a larger-than-normal salivary gland, usually one of the parotid glands.Tests may include:X-rays of the salivary gland (called a ptyalogram or sialogram) to look for a tumorCT scan or MRI to confirm that there is a growth, and to see if the cancer has spread to lymph nodes in the neckSalivary gland biopsy or fine needle aspiration to determine whether the tumor is benign or malignantTreatmentThe recommended treatment is usually surgery to remove the affected salivary gland. If the tumor is benign, no other treatment is usually needed.Radiation therapy or extensive surgery may be needed if the tumor is cancerous. Chemotherapy is sometimes used in patients who are considered high risk, or when the disease has spread beyond the salivary glands.Expectations (prognosis)Most salivary gland tumors are noncancerous and slow growing. Removing the tumor with surgery usually cures the condition. In rare cases, the tumor is cancerous and further treatment is needed.ComplicationsCancerous tumors may cause further complications, including spread to other organs (metastasis).Rarely, surgery to remove the tumor can injure the nerve that controls movement of the face.Calling your health care providerCall your health care provider if:You have pain when eating or chewingYou notice a lump in the mouth, under the jaw, or in the neck that does not go away in 2 - 3 weeks or is getting largerReferencesNational Comprehensive Cancer Network Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: Head and Neck Cancers. National Comprehensive Cancer Network: 2009. Version 1.2009.Posner M. Head and neck cancer. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier;2007:chap 200.Reviewed ByReview Date: 02/01/2010David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; and Seth Schwartz, MD, MPH, Otolaryngologist, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
