Ventricular septal defect describes one or more holes in the wall that separates the right and left ventricles of the heart. Ventricular septal defect is one of the most common congenital (present from birth) heart defects. It may occur by itself or with other congenital diseases.
Alternative NamesVSD; Interventricular septal defect
Causes, incidence, and risk factorsBefore a baby is born, the right and left ventricles of its heart are not separate. As the fetus grows, a wall forms to separate these two ventricles. If the wall does not completely form, a hole remains. This hole is known as a ventricular septal defect, or a VSD.
Ventricular septal defect is one of the most common congenital heart defects. The baby may have no symptoms, and the hole can eventually close as the wall continues to grow after birth. If the hole is large, too much blood will be pumped to the lungs, leading to heart failure.
The cause of VSD is not yet known. This defect often occurs along with other congenital heart defects.
In adults, ventricular septal defects are a rare but serious complication of heart attacks. These holes are related to heart attacks and do not result from a birth defect.
SymptomsPatients with ventricular septal defects may not have symptoms. However, if the hole is large, symptoms, the baby often has symptoms related to heart failure.
The most common symptoms include:
Listening with a stethoscope usually reveals a heart murmur (the sound of the blood crossing the hole). The loudness of the murmur is related to the size of the defect and amount of blood crossing the defect.
Tests may include:
If the defect is small, no treatment is usually needed. However, the baby should be closely monitored by a health care provider to make sure that the hole eventually closes properly and signs of heart failure do not occur.
Babies with a large VSD who have symptoms related to heart failure may need medicine to control the symptoms and surgery to close the hole. Medications may include digitalis (digoxin) and diuretics.
If symptoms continue despite medication, surgery to close the defect with a Gore-tex patch is needed. Some VSDs can be closed with a special device during a cardiac catheterization, although this is infrequently done.
Surgery for a VSD with no symptoms is controversial. This should be carefully discussed with your health care provider.
Expectations (prognosis)Many small defects will close on their own. For those defects that do not spontaneously close, the outcome is good with surgical repair. Complications may result if a large defect is not treated.
ComplicationsMost often, this condition is diagnosed during routine examination of an infant. Call your infant's health care provider if the baby seems to be having difficulty breathing, or if the baby seems to have an unusual number of respiratory infections.
PreventionExcept for the case of heart attack associated VSD, this condition is always present at birth.
Drinking alcohol and using the antiseizure medicines depakote and dilantin during pregnancy have been associated with increased incidence of VSDs. Other than avoiding these things during pregnancy, there is no known way to prevent a VSD.
ReferencesZipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Braunwald E, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine, 8th ed. St. Louis, Mo; WB Saunders; 2007.
Ventricular septal defect affects the ventricles common in babies with down syndrome while atrial septal defect is affecting the atrium.
ventricular septal defect
You can donate the blood with ventricular septal defect. But then you should not donate the same. You need to be given a bravery award for this attempt only.
Ventricular Septal Defect
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The term 'hole-in-the-heart' usually means that there is a defect in the wall between two of the heart's chambers. If the defect is between the atria the condition is called an atrial septal defect or ASD and if the hole between the ventricles is known as a ventricular septal defect or VSD.
NO. Cardiologist and Gynecologist can terminate the pregnancy. Patient might have pulmonary hypertension by this time. No way, ventricular septal defect will be reduced by pregnancy.
The congenital anomaly refers to the anomalies of the heart. It basically includes the ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus. It commonly affects the infants.
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Congenital heart defects are errors in the development of the heart structure.
Pulmonary Atresia (or Pulmonary Stenosis) Right Ventricular Hypertrophy Ventricular Septal Defect Overriding Aorta
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