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How should the capital assets of a capital lease be recorded in the capital projects fund?
Well, darling, the capital assets acquired through a capital lease should be recorded as both an expenditure and an other financing source in the capital projects fund. The amount recorded as an expenditure should be equal to the present value of the lease payments, and the same amount should be recorded as an other financing source to reflect the lease obligation. Just make sure to dot your i's and cross your t's, honey.
What else can I help you with?
Fixed assets should initially be recorded on the balance sheet?
Fixed Assets are things of value that are expected to maintain their value to the entity for more than a year. All Assets are Balance Sheet accounts so yes, they should initially be recorded on the Balance sheet.
Do you believe that a firm should use the same cost of capital for all of its projects?
no
How to compute cost to be capitalized for acqusition of assets?
The cost to be capital its depend upon the company policy whether they should capitalze the cost or not.
Difference between working capital and capital employed?
Capital EmployedTotal resources are also known as total capital employed and sometimes as gross capital employed or total assets before depreciation. Thus total capital consists of all assets fixed and current. In other words, the total of the assets side of the balance sheet is considered as total assets employed.While calculating capital employed on the basis of assets, following points must be noted.* Any asset which is not in use should be excluded.* Intangible assets like goodwill, patents, trademarks etc should be excluded. If they have some potential sales value, they should be included.* Investments which are not concerned with business, should be excluded* Fictitious assets are to be excludedWorking CapitalWorking capital is defined as the excess of current assets over current liabilities. Current assets are those assets which will be converted into cash within the current accounting period or within the next year as a result of the ordinary operations of the business. They are cash or near cash resources. These include:* Cash and Bank balances* Receivables* Inventory· Raw materials, stores and spares· Work-in-progress· Finished goods* Prepaid expenses* Short-term advances* Temporary investmentThe value represented by these assets circulates among several items. Cash is used to buy raw materials, to pay wages and to meet other manufacturing expenses. Finished goods are produced. These are held as inventories. When these are sold, accounts receivables are created. The collection of accounts receivables brings cash into the firm. The cycle starts again.Current liabilities are the debts of the firms that have to be paid during the current accounting period or within a year. These include:* Creditors for goods purchased* Outstanding expenses i.e., expenses due but not paid* Short-term borrowings* Advances received against sales* Taxes and dividends payable* Other liabilities maturing within a yearWorking capital is also known as circulating capital, fluctuating capital and revolving capital. The magnitude and composition keep on changing continuously in the course of business.Permanent and Temporary Working CapitalConsidering time as the basis of classification, there are two types of working capital viz, 'Permanent' and 'Temporary'. Permanent working capital represents the assets required on continuing basis over the entire year, whereas temporary working capital represents additional assets required at different items during the operation of the year. A firm will finance its seasonal and current fluctuations in business operations through short term debt financing. For example, in peak seasons more raw materials to be purchased, more manufacturing expenses to be incurred, more funds will be locked in debtors balances etc. In such times excess requirement of working capital would be financed from short-term financing sources.The permanent component current assets which are required throughout the year will generally be financed from long-term debt and equity. Tandon Committee has referred to this type of working capital as 'Core Current Assets'. Core Current Assets are those required by the firm to ensure the continuity of operations which represents the minimum levels of various items of current assets viz., stock of raw materials, stock of work-in-process, stock of finished goods, debtors balances, cash and bank etc. This minimum level of current assets will be financed by the long-term sources and any fluctuations over the minimum level of current assets will be financed by the short-term financing. Sometimes core current assets are also referred to as 'hard core working capital'.The management of working capital is concerned with maximizing the return to shareholders within the accepted risk constraints carried by the participants in the company. Just as excessive long-term debt puts a company at risk, so an inordinate quantity of short-term debt also increases the risk to a company by straining its solvency. The suppliers of permanent working capital look for long- term return on funds invested whereas the suppliers of temporary working capital will look for immediate return and the cost of such financing will also be costlier than the cost of permanent funds used for working capital.Gross Working CapitalGross Working Capital is equal to total current assets only. It is identified with current assets alone. It is the value of non-fixed assets of an enterprise and includes inventories (raw materials, work-in-progress, finished goods, spares and consumable stores), receivables, short-term investments, advances to suppliers, loans, tender deposits, sundry deposits with excise and customs, cash and back balances, prepaid expenses, incomes receivable, etc.Gross Working Capital indicated the quantum of working capital available to meet current liabilities.Thus, Gross Working Capital = Current AssetsNet Working CapitalNet Working Capital is the excess of current assets over current liabilities, i.e. current assets less current liabilities.This concept of working capital is widely accepted. This approach, however, does not reflect the exact position of working capital due to the following factors:* Valuation of inventories include write-offs* Debtors include the profit element* Debts outstanding for more than a year likewise debtors which are doubtful or not provided for are included as asset are also placed under the head 'current assets'* Non-moving and slow-moving items of inventories are also included in inventories, and* Write-offs and the profits do not involve cash outflowTo assess the real strength of working capital position, it is necessary to exclude the non-moving and obsolete items from inventories. Working Capital thus arrived at is termed as 'Tangible Working Capital.'
Should deprciation should be charged on idle assets?
Under all of US GAAP, CDN GAAP and IFRS, idle assets should continue to be depreciated.
Fixed assets should initially be recorded on the balance sheet?
Fixed Assets are things of value that are expected to maintain their value to the entity for more than a year. All Assets are Balance Sheet accounts so yes, they should initially be recorded on the Balance sheet.
Should the word capital be capitalized?
Yes, when the word "capital" is used in reference to the capital city or financial assets, it should be capitalized. However, when it is used in a general sense, like "capital punishment," it should not be capitalized.
What is capital restructuring?
Capital is generally the assets, often monetary, that are available to generate more assets. Thus the liquidity of capital should be high. Restructuring them means reallocating them to improve their availability (liquidity). The process requires selling assets to buy different ones in order to improve your capital (monetary) position so that you can improve your asset position thus enabling you to earn more with them.
Should fixed assets be initially recorded in the balance sheet at the lower cost of cost or market?
False
What is Unrestricted Net Assets in your audited Financial Statement?
The difference between assets and liablities are net assets. Per new reporting requirements it is necessary to further distinguish this value. The new reporting standards require that net assets be separated into 3 catagories. Invested in capital assets, net related debt, restricted and unrestricted. The section of invested in capital assets starts with your capital asset value less accumulated depreciation. The capital assets have to be further reduced by the debt held related to those assets. This could be bond issues or donations for capital assets. It is important to remember that other balance sheet items realted to your investment, unamortized prem or discount on the bonds and issuance costs shoud be included in the value. Accrude interest payable is exclude here because its a current liability, and thus will require current assets to retire. Any part of the debt not yet expensed to purchase capital assets should be moved to the second section, restricted for capital projects. Another element of the restricted area includes items retricted "legally" for payment. This would included accrude interest payable on the bonds outstanding. Per the standard if your debt exceeds capital assets acquire the value should be zero. Only positive amts, or zero will be shown in all sections accept for unrestricted. If the amt of restrictions on net assets exceeds net assets the value of unrestricted will be negative or deficit. Conversly, if net assets are greater than restrictions the unrestricted will be positive. When seen on the the balance sheet the deficit indicates legal restrictions in a long term sense. It does not speak to the ability of the company to meet current obligations.
If a corporation has projects that will earn more than the cost of capital should it ration capital?
Yes
Who benefits from capital restructuring?
Capital is generally the assets, often monetary, that are available to generate more assets. Thus the liquidity of capital should be high. Restructuring them means reallocating them to improve their availability (liquidity). The process requires selling assets to buy different ones in order to improve your capital (monetary) position so that you can improve your asset position thus enabling you to earn more with them. It is generally undertaken by companies that are generally doing poorer than expected and wish to stabilize future performance of their assets.
Do you believe that a firm should use the same cost of capital for all of its projects?
no
How to compute cost to be capitalized for acqusition of assets?
The cost to be capital its depend upon the company policy whether they should capitalze the cost or not.
Is a cash account an asset or expense?
An expense account is for wages, motor expenses, stationery etc. Expenses are what you use to be able to run your business, the same as assets. But expenses are revenue expenditure items as mentioned above, and assets like motor vehicle and machinery are classed as capital expenditure. So no an expense account is not an asset account, even though they are both recorded on the debit side of there accounts and both recorded in the general/main ledger. Expenses are recorded in the profit and loss account and assets in the balance sheet. Expenses well a majority are allowable for tax purposes and assets are claimable through capital allowances. So assets are used in the business to generate capital and expenses are deducted from gross profit leaving a net/loss profit.
What decision criteria should managers use in selecting projects when there is not enough capital to invest in all available positive NPV projects?
Profitability index criteria can be used to select projects when a capital rationing situation exists, with the highest profititibility index from specified projects being the goal.
Should a corporation ration its capital when its projects earn more than the cost of capital?
A corporation should generally not ration its capital if its projects consistently earn more than the cost of capital, as this indicates that the projects are creating value and contributing positively to shareholder wealth. Rationing capital in such scenarios could lead to missed growth opportunities and reduced overall profitability. However, if there are constraints on available funding or if the corporation anticipates better investment opportunities in the future, it might consider rationing as a strategic choice. Ultimately, the decision should align with the company's long-term financial goals and market conditions.
