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Because 'capital' is the money that can be used to produce more wealth, i.e. profit. The goal of the factory owners in the 19th century was the same as of today's factory owners. They want to become rich, of course. If they have capital, they can invest some part of it to make their business (shop, factory) larger and to make their factories more productive by buying newer and newer machines which produce more products in a shorter period of time. Of course the factory owners have to pay the costs of the production (energy, raw material, shipping expenses, wages for workers, taxes). The remaining amount of money is their profit.

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13y ago

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