increase the angle of descent without increasing the airspeed.
One of the main functions of flaps during approach and landing is to increase the lift generated by the wings at lower speeds, allowing the aircraft to maintain controlled flight during slow approaches. Additionally, flaps help to reduce the stall speed, enabling the aircraft to fly safely at slower airspeeds. They also contribute to increased drag, which assists in deceleration and allows for a steeper descent angle without gaining excessive speed.
The flaps help to increase lift, which is essential to the landing and takeoff phase[s].
Airplane wings are designed to be most efficient when at high altitudes, traveling fast, while providing as little drag as possible. Unfortunately this design inst the best for takeoff and landing. Flaps are used to change the shape of the wing to accommodate takeoff and landing requirements. Most planes have flaps on the front of the wings (leading edge flaps) and at the back of the wings. During takeoff flaps increase lift so a plane can take off with limited runway length and lower speeds. As the plane gains speed the flaps are retracted. On approach and landing you want to fly as slow as possible so the flaps are deployed in increments till landing speed is achieved. Landing slower means less runway needed to stop.
on an ils speeds set a landing speed would be around 145kts-150kts (166mph-172mph) depending on the landing flap setting selected - this is based on full flaps
Flaps are movable surfaces on the wings of an aircraft that extend and retract to increase lift during takeoff and landing. By changing the wing's shape and increasing its surface area, flaps allow the plane to fly safely at slower speeds. This helps improve control and reduces the runway distance needed for takeoff and landing. Overall, flaps enhance the aircraft's performance during critical phases of flight.
When the flaps are lowered during takeoff and landing, the lift force is increased. This is achieved by increasing the wing's surface area and altering its shape, allowing the aircraft to generate more lift at lower speeds. The enhanced lift helps the aircraft become airborne more easily during takeoff and provides better control and stability during landing.
Approach speed depends on the plane, the load, and the wind. You can go full flaps on a Cessna 150 and land at about 50 mph (stall speed). If you are landing into a 30 mph headwind, you land at about 20 mph.
Flaps generally change the geometry of the wing for landing and take off speeds
On the A320, flaps are typically extended during the descent phase as the aircraft approaches the landing configuration. Flaps can be deployed when the aircraft is established on the final approach, usually around 1,500 feet AGL (Above Ground Level) or during the descent when the aircraft is on the glide slope. The specific timing may vary based on the approach procedure, aircraft weight, and environmental conditions. Pilots follow standard operating procedures and guidance from air traffic control to determine the appropriate moment for flap extension.
No. On MOST airplanes, ailerons are separate from flaps. Ailerons are used to help steer the airplane, while flaps are lowered to change the aerodynamic shape of the wing to provide more lift during take off and landing.
Flaps and slatsSlats and flaps