If front-wheel (or 4-wheel) drive, possibly a failed CV joint.
Otherwise failed wheel bearing, failed suspension unit, broken suspension mounting perhaps.
landslide
Violent shaking can cause certain soils to flow. The shaking results from a nearby earthquake.
violent storm shaking the living tree
get the person out pf your trunk...lol
landslide. The shaking reduces the friction between the soil and rock layers, making them more susceptible to sliding downhill. This can result in dangerous and destructive movement of material that can impact lives and infrastructure.
That is typically a wheel balance problem.
Tire out of balance is the most likely cause. Can also be a bent wheel.
Warped rotors is the most likely cause. Seek professional help.
Check the universal joints in the driveshaft.
There are a few different things which could cause wheel shaking and thumps when hitting a big bump. The most likely cause however, is that the struts need to be replaced.
realignment, 60 to 80 bucks
If it happened after the tire rotation it is probably a bad tire.