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What effects did the impeachment of Andrew Johnson have on the Reconstruction Era?
The impeachment of Andrew Johnson in 1868 had significant effects on the Reconstruction Era by highlighting the deep political divisions in the country and setting a precedent for the balance of power between Congress and the presidency. Although Johnson was acquitted by one vote, the impeachment weakened his influence and allowed Congress, particularly the Radical Republicans, to take stronger control over Reconstruction policies. This shift led to more aggressive measures to protect the rights of freed slaves and enforce civil rights, ultimately shaping the course of Reconstruction and its legacy. The impeachment also intensified the conflict between the presidency and Congress, influencing future political dynamics.
Why did the loyalty oath required under radical reconstruction disfranchise more confederates?
The loyalty oath required under Radical Reconstruction aimed to ensure that former Confederates pledged allegiance to the Union and accepted the terms of Reconstruction. This requirement effectively disfranchised many Confederates who could not or would not take the oath due to their prior allegiance to the Confederacy, thus limiting their political participation. Additionally, the stringent conditions and the political climate of the time fostered an environment of distrust towards former Confederates, further entrenching their exclusion from the political process. As a result, the loyalty oath served both as a barrier to enfranchisement and as a tool for asserting control over the post-war South.
What measures did the radical republicans take to keep the supreme court from interfering with their plans?
In late February 1868 eleven articles of impeachment were brought against Andrew Johnson over political and ideological differences between the president and Congress.
What allowed radical reconstruction to take place?
Radical Reconstruction was facilitated by the political dominance of the Republican Party, which held a majority in Congress after the Civil War, allowing them to implement significant changes in the Southern states. The desire to secure civil rights for freed slaves and to punish the former Confederate states for their rebellion played a critical role. Additionally, the passage of key legislation, such as the Reconstruction Acts of 1867, laid the framework for military governance in the South and aimed to protect the rights of African Americans. The presence of Union troops in the South also ensured compliance with these new policies.
What party contols the house of represenatives?
As of Nov. 7, 2010, the democrats control both houses of congress. In January, when the next session starts, the republicans will take control of the house. The senate, however, remains in democratic control.
What allowed Radical Republicans to take control of Reconstruction policy?
1. Most of the northern states had elected Republican officials, which weren't to radical for the time. 2. Am I doing your homework?
How and why did Republicans in Congress take control of Reconstruction?
Members of the Congress called Radical Republicans vowed to take control of Reconstruction. Republicans were able to take control of Reconstruction because they had a solid majority - southern Democrats couldn't vote and northern Democrats had lost credibility (they were considered to be pro-Confederacy or, at least, in favor of settling the war vs. winning it). They did so out of profound philosophical differences with President Andrew Johnson over treatment of the former Confederate states and the newly-freed slaves.
During reconstruction what was a belief of the radical republicans?
The North and South should take equal responsibility for causing the Civil War
What was the belief during the reconstruction of the radical republicans?
The North and South should take equal responsibility for causing the Civil War
In what year did the Radical Republicans take over the Reconstruction process?
The Congressional elections of 1866 put Radical Republicans in control of Congress. They set up a free labor economy using the military and the Freedmenâ??s Bureau. Rights of freed slaves were protected, labor contracts were negotiated, schools were set up to make the transition from slave to citizen easier. Many teachers, missionaries, business and politicians came to the south to help run things as well, they were derisively called â??Carpetbaggersâ?? by disgruntled southerners.
How did the moderate Republicans attitudes toward reconstruction differ from those of the radical Republicans?
the difference between the moderate republicans attitude toward construction and the radicals attitude toward reconstruction was that the moderate wanted to make progress but wanted to take things slow and try to makr progess nice and easy with the south. they didnt want to go in right away because they needed money and they did want to make any conforntations with the south that would cause a war between them. the radical wanted to go about things the other way. they wanted to cause pain toward the south. they wanted to tourture them by any means nesassery and they wanted to make recontruction start now.
What effects did the impeachment of Andrew Johnson have on the Reconstruction Era?
The impeachment of Andrew Johnson in 1868 had significant effects on the Reconstruction Era by highlighting the deep political divisions in the country and setting a precedent for the balance of power between Congress and the presidency. Although Johnson was acquitted by one vote, the impeachment weakened his influence and allowed Congress, particularly the Radical Republicans, to take stronger control over Reconstruction policies. This shift led to more aggressive measures to protect the rights of freed slaves and enforce civil rights, ultimately shaping the course of Reconstruction and its legacy. The impeachment also intensified the conflict between the presidency and Congress, influencing future political dynamics.
What were the differences in the two main plans for reconstructions?
The two main plans for Reconstruction in the United States were President Abraham Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan and the Radical Republicans' approach. Lincoln's plan aimed for a lenient reconciliation with the Southern states, requiring only 10% of voters in a state to take an oath of loyalty for re-admission to the Union. In contrast, the Radical Republicans sought a more stringent approach, advocating for civil rights for freed slaves and requiring a majority of white male citizens in the South to take a loyalty oath, along with the implementation of the Reconstruction Acts to ensure federal oversight of the process. These differing approaches reflected broader debates about how to rebuild the nation and address the rights of newly freed African Americans.
What was Lincoln's Johnson's and the Radical Republicans plans for Reconstruction?
The Radical Republican reconstruction plan was to free all slaves giving them equal rights to an white American, including to vote. They wanted to punish the ex-confederates from succeeding from the union, also having the south to write a new constitution.
Military Reconstruction Act?
The U.S. Congress, under the control of the Radical Republicans, passed the Military Reconstruction Act of 1867 on March 7, in spite of President Johnson's veto. This act sought to rebuild the governments of the southern states using the governments of the northern states as examples. It was also implemented to ensure that the civil rights of the free blacks in the South by requiring the states in the South to include the rights of free blacks in their constitutions. The Military Reconstruction Act divided the South into five military districts. Virginia became the first district, North Carolina and South Carolina the second district, Georgia, Alabama, and Florida the third district, Mississippi and Arkansas the fourth district, and Louisiana and Texas the fifth district. These territories were placed under the military control of the United States. The first military commanders had virtually unlimited power. The Military Reconstruction Act also required the southern states to elect new government officials. This is because following the Civil War, the representatives from the South that arrived in the capital to represent their states were the leaders of the Confederacy during the Civil War! The people that had been fighting the Union merely months before had shown up in Washington, D.C. to take their seats in the government. This created many problems because there was too much tension in the government between the southern representatives and the northern representatives. The final term of the Military Reconstruction Act was that the new southern state governments needed to pass the 14th Amendment (which defined citizenship and gave every citizen the right to due process). The Military Reconstruction Act is important to history for many reasons. This act was a way that the Radical Republicans in Congress could punish the southern states that had previously made up the Confederacy. It was also a way that they could ensure rights for the free blacks in the South. The southern Democrats at the end of the Civil War knew that once slavery was abolished, they would need a new way to control wealth and labor in the South so that they could, once again, be the most powerful and influential people in the South. To do this, they had passed "Black Codes", which limited the rights of the free blacks. These codes were different in each state, and they were strongly opposed by the Radical Republicans. The Military Reconstruction Act was a way that the Radical Republicans could ensure the free blacks certain rights, and also punish the southern states for their behavior before and during the Civil War.
What enabled Congress to take control of Reconstruction after 1866?
Congress had enough power to override Johnson's vetoes.
What was the plan of the Radical Republicans did President Abraham Lincoln support?
Lincoln and the Radical Republicans unequivocally agreed on one topic, the abolition of slavery. The policies of the Radical Republicans were an issue of heated debate between Lincoln's ideas of reconstruction, and the Republicans' ideas of reconstruction. Lincoln's ideas of reconstruction were dictated by "kindness". Radical Republicans had proposed the idea of the Ironclad Oath. The Oath required that a person had to swear he had never borne arms against the Union or supported the Confederacy --- that is, he had "never voluntarily borne arms against the United States," had "voluntarily" given "no aid, countenance, counsel or encouragement" to persons in rebellion and had exercised or attempted to exercise the functions of no office under the Confederacy. They also supported the Wade-Davis Bill. The bill made remittance to the Union for former Confederate states contingent on a majority in each Southern state to take the Ironclad Oath to the effect they had never in the past supported the Confederacy. The Wade-Davis Bill passed both the Senate and Congress, but was vetoed by Lincoln. Lincoln wanted the Southern States to reunite with the Union and feared that the Wade Davis bill would prevent unification. At the time the Wade-Davis Bill had passed both houses, there was not a federal bill or proposed amendment to the constitution to end slavery. Therefore, Lincoln knew that any immediate plans for emancipation would have to take place at a state level, in states that the Emancipation Proclamation did not affect. He believed that Wade--Davis would jeopardize state-level emancipation movements in loyal border states.
