"Each State shall appoint, in such Manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a Number of Electors, equal to the whole Number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress"
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The electors given to each state varies. Each state receives a number of electoral votes equal to the number of representatives and senators it has. Every 10 years the number is recalculated after the census because of changes in population.
Each state has two Senators regardless of the size. Each state has representatives based on their relative population. The number of electors is the combination of both.
The number of electors per state corresponds to the number of members of Congress to which the state is entitled. This is not a fixed number and has changed over time.
They get at least 3, it is based on the number of Senators (2) and Representatives that they are entitled to.
The Total number of Electors: 538 (Including the District of Columbia) divided by 51 (number of states including The District of Columbia) = approximately 10.549
Congress
Under the Twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution, Washington, D.C. is allocated as many electors as it would have if it were a state, (but no more electors than the least populous state). Since every state has at least 3 electoral votes, Washington, D.C. is allocated 3 electoral votes.
The state will have 6 electors. A state has as many electors in the electoral college as it has Senators and Representatives in Congress. (There are also 3 electors from the District of Columbia.)
Electoral votes in the Electoral College determine the President of the United States. Every state and DC are awarded a certain number of electoral votes with which to elect the President. Each state has electoral votes equal to the total of the 2 representative the state has in the U.S. Senate plus the number of representative the state has in the House of Representatives. The states choose as many electors as it has electoral votes and these electors elect the president. The electors are elected by popular vote in each state and each candidate for elector swears in advance whom he will vote for.
First off, the general public do not elect the voters in the electoral college. Those chosen to cast a vote as an elector are appointed to this position. After the popular vote in each state has been tallied, the electors of that state, (however many there are) cast all of their state's electoral votes for the candidate their state chose. However, this system was designed to prevent the popular vote from making a bad choice for President. Because of this, the electors in the Electoral College have the ability to change their vote and give it to the other candidate. The number of votes given to each state is based on that state's population. That is why, for example, California has more than fifty electoral votes while some states have only two or three.