What is the judicial part of government called?

Answer 1

The judicial part of government is called the judicial system. The judicial system is one of three different forms of American democracy. The three forms of American government are: # Judicial # Executive # Legislative The judicial branch of government is the court system. When someone goes to court, they are in full interaction with this form of government. All three branches work together to create the determined system of American democracy.

ANSWER: The Judicial branch is responsible for the administration of the court system. In the federal system of courts there are three levels of judicial courts; The lowest level is known as the district courts, the second level is the court of appeals and the highest level is the Supreme court. This, of course, is for the federal system of government set up by the Constitution for the United States of America. Outside of the United States there are many various court systems in different countries and there is also the International Court of Justice also known as the World Court or ICJ.

The World Court is a branch of the United Nations set up to settle disputes between the States who have submitted a complaint and also serves as an advisory board to various international agencies and members of the U.N. general assembly. The ICJ should not be confused with the International Criminal Court which also seeks to assert "global jurisdiction". The International Criminal Court, or ICC, was established by the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court on July 1st of 2002 and was created to prosecute and convict individuals, or acquit, individuals charged with war crimes, genocide and various other crimes against humanity. The ICC is designed to compliment existing national court systems and can only assert its jurisdiction when those national court systems are unable or unwilling to prosecute the individual themselves.

There is also the European Court of Justice also known as the The Court of Justice of the European Communities and is the highest court of the European Union, (E.U.), and its ultimate purpose is to ensure that equal application of E.U. law is administered among the communities or member states of the European Union. This court is supported by two lower courts, the The Court of First Instance which is in place to administer justice for those natural or legal persons who lay claim. The Civil Service Tribunal was established to arbitrate cases brought by employees of the European Union.

The court system of the Peoples Republic of China is divided into four levels of courts and is modeled after the legal Systems of Germany and France. This judicial system was created by the Constitution of the Peoples Republic of China and the Organic Law of the Peoples Court. There is the Local Peoples Court which serves a the first instance for criminal and civil cases. This Local Peoples Court consists of three of the four court systems that include; The Basic Peoples Court, The Intermediate Peoples Court and The High Peoples Court. The Supreme Peoples Court in Beijing serves as the highest court of that land is the court of last resort for the whole of the Peoples Republic of China. It should be noted that both Hong Kong and Macau have separate court systems modeled after a Portuguese civil law system and a British common law system. Within the court system of the Peoples Republic of China, there is also the Military Court of China and the Railway Transport Court of China.

There is for the Muslim States the Sharia and Fiqh, sharia meaning quite literally "the path leading to the watering place" fiqh which means jurisprudence. The sharia is the expression of the divine will and binds all Muslims by virtue of their religious beliefs to the system of duties set out by the Qur'an and Sunnah which cover all aspects of life such as matters of state, foreign affairs and the daily bread of living. These laws also include inheritance, marriage and restitutions for crimes such as murder or personal injury. There are also rules for charity, fasting and prayer but the application of these laws vary from Islamic scholars and Muslim jurists.

The court system of Israel consists of both secular and non-secular courts that include; the High Court of Justice, District Courts, District Court for Administrative Matters, Magistrate Courts and Small Claims Courts. Japan has a court system that consist of 483 Summary Courts, one District Court and eight High Courts and a Supreme Court as well. India's court system is comprised of a Supreme Court, High Courts at the state level, District and Session Courts at the district level and the Public Interest Litigation courts known as the PIL.

These are just a few of the vast and varied court systems across the world. There are too many to list for such a question and the ones listed are done so to illustrate not only the complexity of court systems across the world but the complexity of law. Any government created is done so to defend the security of a nation, secure the rights of the people and to establish justice. Justice is a negative idea that can only be established by the absence of justice. It is every governments responsibility to correct any absence of justice by putting justice in. A just government will acknowledge, and not grant, the rights and freedoms of the individual. Unjust governments will create what appears to be courts of justice but if they are not in place to ensure the basic common law rights and freedom of individuals they establish justice in name only.