Justices are appointed to the Supreme Court for life or until they voluntarily retire.
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Jimmy Carter, who was in office from 1977-1981, never had an opportunity to nominate a US Supreme Court justice.
There are five justices seated on the North Dakota Supreme Court. As of May 2009, the members are: Chief Justice Gerald W. VandeWalle Justice Dale V. Sandstrom Justice Mary Muehlen Maring Justice Carol Ronning Kapsner Justice Daniel J. Crothers Unlike the US Supreme Court, where Justices receive a lifetime appointment, the term of office for a North Dakota Supreme Court judge is only ten years. Positions are filled during the general election of the year in which a particular judge's term ends; however, the North Dakota Constitution empowers the governor to appoint a Supreme Court judge for a term of two years before a general election must be held to fill a vacancy.
Yes, as of October 14, 2009, Justice Scalia is still alive and still a member of the US Supreme Court. He is the second most senior justice, and is expected succeed Justice John Paul Stevens as Senior Justice at the end of the current Term, in June 2010.
A Missouri Supreme Court Justice initially serves for one year. After they have served at least one year, they are placed on the General Election Ballot and the Missouri voters vote to keep him/her on the Supreme Court. If they are kept on, they are seated on the Supreme Court for twelve years.
The first African-American justice on the Supreme Courtwas Thurgood Marshall. He was the 96th judge appointed to the Supreme Court, and was in office from October 2, 1967 until October 1, 1991.