James Monroe was an officer in the Revolutionary War and served as Secretary of War under President Madison. He studied law under Thomas Jefferson but was never admitted to the bar and practiced law.
Andrew Jackson was a general in the War of 1812 and studied law at a law office but never went to college and was almost self-taught . He passed the law exam and practived law for several years.
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Lawyer Who Taught Many Black Leaders.
None of the US presidents made a living as a preacher. Garfield achieved some fame for a series of debates in which he took the pro-religion side. Jimmy Carter taught Sunday School classes while he was President.
Arthur taught school and was a principal for two years until he passed the bar exam. He joined a law firm in New York City and worked as lawyer for 17 years,getting active in city politics. In 1871 he was appointed (duty) Collector of the Port of New York and held the post until 1878, when President Hayes revamped the collections department and forced Arthur out. He then started his own law firm.
No President was illiterate at the time of his election, but Andrew Johnson learned to read only as an adult, when he was taught to read by his wife.