Anything, in quantity. Well, except cane beetles. Introduced to Australia in 1935 as an attempt to reduce the populations of cane beetles, the cane toad Bufo marinus has been an environmental disaster. It has become so widespread and populous mainly because it will eat anything that moves. Insects, earthworms, small frogs and lizards and even rodents and small birds will be eaten. The tadpoles are arguably more damaging than the adults. They form vast swarms, eating everything and causing native fish and frog tadpoles to starve. Toads will eat cane beetles, and this is why laboratory experiments suggested them as a means of biological control. But they will only eat them when desperately hungry and offered nothing else. In a real environment with natural, far more palatable foods - they eat that instead.
yes
yes
The Cane Toad has poison glands, and the tadpoles are highly toxic to most animals if ingested.
Tadpoles eat alga until they develop into a frog, toad or newt.
Certain species of killifish, such as the Gambusia affinis (eastern mosquitofish), are known to consume cane toad tadpoles. These fish are opportunistic feeders and can help control the populations of invasive species like cane toads in their habitats. Their presence in ecosystems where cane toads are prevalent can contribute to a reduction in tadpole numbers, potentially mitigating some of the ecological impacts caused by these invasive amphibians. However, the effectiveness and ecological balance should be carefully monitored.
As an adult, yes. The young breathe through gills, as do all tadpoles.
It can be as short as a couple months (Cane Toad) or as long as 1 to 3 years (Bullfrogs.)
Cane toads (Bufo marinus) in the wild can live up to ten years. In captivity they can live up to about eight years.
yes!
it does not
Yes. The eat mostly algae, but also small creatures. And in the case of the Wellington toad, other tadpoles.
Sugar cane, they were supposed to eat cane beetles, thus the cane in cane toad.