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i can answer correctly only about Sparta. the town is heard for the first time from ancient Achaioi and its king Menelaos and his queen Helen of Troy, which is considered as the reason of the Troyan War. That era ended when Dorians came from the north and the new era starts. It is known as the Sparta of King Leonidas, as a very strict city where the Spartan's proffession is simply war ( ex. wars with the Persians), that era ends when Sparta is occupied by Alexander the great. in between there was the Peloponnesean war between Sparta and Athens and their allies and the defeat of Athens. Practically both of them lost. That is the reason why it was occupied by Alexander the great sice they were coming from a 30-year-old war. Long after Macedonians came the Romans and I think that is very very shortly the history of Sparta. Thebes is a city with common background as Sparti. it is close to Athens and it was one of their rivals In about 379/8 bc Thebes broke free of Spartan oppression and undertook a war with Sparta in that ultimately led to Sparta's fall, after which Sparta allied with Athens and waged war with Thebes and brought Thebes back down.

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