Sparta's serf population revolted and Athens sent a force to help the Spartans put it down. Then the Athenian soldiers started to sympathise with the serfs , so the Spartans sent them home. Relations froze.
When the Athenians made an empire out of the Delian League cities it had led against the persians, it became adventurous and interfered in the affairs of the cities of the Peloponnesian League which Sparta led. Sparta asked Athens to back off, an overconfident Athens persisted and war ensued.
They formed an alliance because they wanted to rebel against the Persians. Athens had all the brains and Sparta had all the war like abilities. Athens needed someone that was good in war. Even though Athens had a strong army it was still too small to over ride the Persian Empire. The Persians were a common enemy for Athens and Sparta. They both had something in common; liking the Persians. So the more people Athens had in their army the more likely it is for Athens to win. In the end Athens does win the war against the Persians but there are many more wars the Athenians and the Persians have had against each other.
Yes the athenians had the allies in many different wars. Like in the pelopenisian war they had the allies of corinth, Sparta, megara, (not argos because they refused to be in the war), Rhodes and many of the other city states. Athens was a city of democracy!
The Ionian Revolt triggered the wars between the Persians and the Greeks . Look to the related links below .
The war went on for another 30 years until the Persians gave up trying to impose peace on the Greeks and left them to go back to their usual fighting each other.
The Spartans focused a lot on military techniques and they thought that fighting and wars were the answer and the key to success.
The Spartans were involved in the Persian Wars, particularly the battle of Thermopylae (where 300 Spartans famously held off the Persians), the Peloponnesian War (against the Athenians), and other minor skirmishes with neighboring city states, which usually ended with the Spartans conquering the other city state.
Greco-Persian Wars .
The Athenians , only because they came to grief during the Peloponnesian Wars by overestimating their powers to overwhelm Sparta .
The Spartans did not 'follow' the Persians - they were part of a blocking force which delayed the Persian army for three days, and had no effect on the following two-year campaign which defeated the Persians at the battles of Salamis, Plataia and Mycale.
The Athenians were not at Thermopylai. A small Spartan force led about 5,000 warriors from Greek city contingents in helping force a naval battle in the nearby strait. There was no Greek nation to be patriotic about. But half the independent Greek city-states put aside their ongoing wars between each other and combined against the invading Persians out of self interest. The other half of the Greek city-states sided with the Persians.
No, the Spartans did not ally with Persia, but they allied with the Athenians or Greeks, or else there would not have been the famous 300.The Spartans allied with the Athenians during the Thermopylae battle, the Persian wars and the peloponnesian war. After 3 years of war following the stand of the 300 the Spartans and Athenians defeated Persia!Sparta never allied with Persia!
Thermopylae was a very minor event in the 50-year Persian Wars. It failed to have any influence on the wars, and only later became symbolic of courage.
The Spartans and Persians did not fight a war. The Spartans were part of a coalition of Greek states which opposed the Persian invasion of mainland Greece 480-479 BCE. A Spartan force under King Agesilaos II invaded Persian Asia Minor in 396-395, liberating Greek cities and looting, but was withdrawn to face troubles at home.
No. The Spartans defeated about 500,000 Persians along with about 1,700 Greeks. Later on in the war, they withdrew to defend Sparta and lost the war. The Spartans alone did not fight or defeat Persians and Persian allies. Many Greek city states allied and defeated Persians in land and sea battles in two separate wars. The only Greek defeat from the most famous battles in the two separate Persian invasions was in Thermopylae. And even then, few thousand Greeks died, including plus or minus 300 Spartans, while it is believed more than 20,000 Persians and their allies that included many Greeks, died in Thermopylae. So it was an honorable defeat.
Thermopylae was a minor sideshow - the Persians rolled on and captured Athens. The invasion was decided at Salamis, Plataea and Mycale.
Athenians main rivals where from Sparta. They fought in the Peloponnesian wars.
Holding the pass at Thermopylae was used to force a naval battle. The Greeks lost the naval battle, so it was to no avail or effect.