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When does a polypeptide stop growing?
A polypeptide stops growing when the ribosome reaches a stop codon on the mRNA template. This triggers the release of the polypeptide chain, along with the ribosome and mRNA, from the protein synthesis machinery.
Is a stop codon the same as a regulator?
In a sense. It regulates the length and the sequence of a polypeptide chain by terminating it's synthesis.
What tells the ribosome to begin making a polypeptide?
The ribosome is signaled to begin making a polypeptide by the start codon (AUG) present in the messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence. This start codon specifically codes for the amino acid methionine, which marks the initiation point for protein synthesis.
What do we call a codon that signals the end of a polypeptide chain?
A codon that signals the end of a polypeptide chain is called a stop codon. There are three specific stop codons in the genetic code: UAA, UAG, and UGA. When a ribosome encounters one of these codons during translation, it triggers the termination of protein synthesis.
What does A triplet codon specify?
A triplet codon specifies a specific amino acid to be incorporated into a growing polypeptide chain during protein synthesis.
What mrna codon starts the making of protein?
The mRNA codon that starts the making of a protein is AUG. This codon codes for the amino acid methionine and also serves as the start codon that initiates protein synthesis.
Why do all polypeptide chains start with methionine?
Because the nucleotide that codes for methionine also is the "start" signal, so whenever a polypeptide starts it uses the exact same code (AUG) so methionine must start every polypeptide chain.
What is an initiator codon?
Initating codons- the small ribosomal subunit, the mRNA bonded to it, and the initator tRNA with its attached methionine form the initation complex.
What does AUG mean in biology?
AUG is a start codon. It starts transcription, which is the synthesis of mRNA
What halts translation?
The termination codon on the mRNA strand stops translation by signaling the ribosome to release the polypeptide chain. This termination codon does not code for any amino acid and instead signals the end of protein synthesis.
What codon is typically used as the start codon in protein synthesis?
The codon typically used as the start codon in protein synthesis is AUG.
Why do you think a start codon is important?
A start codon is important because it signals the beginning of translation in protein synthesis. It provides the information needed for the ribosome to initiate the assembly of the polypeptide chain. Without a start codon, translation cannot begin, and proteins essential for cell function would not be produced.
