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What is the relationship between hydrogen ion concentration hydroxide ion concentration and pH?
The relationship between hydrogen ion concentration ([H^+]), hydroxide ion concentration ([OH^-]), and pH is defined by the water dissociation constant ((K_w)), which at 25°C is (1.0 \times 10^{-14}). pH is calculated as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration: (pH = -\log[H^+]). As the concentration of hydrogen ions increases, pH decreases, indicating a more acidic solution, while an increase in hydroxide ions leads to a higher pH, indicating a more basic solution. The product of ([H^+]) and ([OH^-]) remains constant at (1.0 \times 10^{-14}) in pure water at equilibrium.
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What happens to the hydroxide ion concentration in aqueous solutions when you increase the hydrogen ion concentration by adding an acid?
The hydroxide ion concentration would decrease in response to the increase in hydrogen ion concentration. This is due to the neutralization reaction that occurs between the added acid (which releases H+ ions) and the hydroxide ions (OH-) present in the solution.
What is the relationship between hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions in water?
In water, hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH-) are in equilibrium, maintaining a balance according to the water autoionization reaction: H2O ⇌ H+ + OH-. The concentration of each ion is crucial for determining the pH level of the solution – a higher concentration of H+ leads to acidity, while a higher concentration of OH- results in alkalinity.
What is the relationship between a hydroxide ion and a water molecule?
A hydroxide ion is a negatively charged molecule made up of one oxygen atom and one hydrogen atom. When it combines with a water molecule, the hydroxide ion acts as a base, accepting a proton from the water molecule to form two hydroxide ions. This reaction increases the concentration of hydroxide ions in the solution.
What is relationship between specific gravity and concentration of sodium hydroxide?
The specific gravity of a sodium hydroxide solution increases as the concentration of sodium hydroxide in the solution increases. Specific gravity is a measure of the density of a substance compared to the density of water, so a higher concentration of sodium hydroxide will result in a solution that is denser and has a higher specific gravity.
If the hyrdoxide ion concentartion increases what happens to the hydrogen ion concentration?
As the hydroxide ion concentration increases, the hydrogen ion concentration decreases due to the reaction between the two ions. This relationship is governed by the autoionization of water, where water molecules can act as both acids (donating H+) and bases (accepting H+).
How many bonds between the oxygen and hydrogen in a hydroxide atom?
A hydroxide molecule has one bond between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms. The hydrogen atom donates its electron to form a bond with the oxygen atom, resulting in a covalent bond between the two atoms.
What is the relationship between the pOH and the OH ion concentration of a solution?
The pOH is the negative logarithm of the hydroxide ion (OH-) concentration in a solution. As the pOH decreases, the OH- concentration increases, and vice versa. The relationship is inverse, meaning as one increases, the other decreases and vice versa.
What is the concentration of the hydroxide ions of a solution whose pH is 4.0?
The concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) in a solution with a pH of 4.0 is 1 x 10^-10 mol/L. This value can be calculated using the relationship between pH and pOH (pOH = 14 - pH), and then using the formula for the concentration of hydroxide ions in water at a given pOH.
A chemical reaction occurs between sodium hydroxide and hydrogen chloride Adding more sodium hydroxide to the reaction causes it to speed up If you add more of a reactant such as sodium hydroxide?
A chemical reaction occurs between sodium hydroxide and hydrogen chloride. Adding more sodium hydroxide to the reaction causes it to speed up. If you add more of a reactant, such as sodium hydroxide, can it be considered a catalyst? Why or why not?
How does the reaction between magnesium (Mg) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) occur?
When magnesium reacts with sodium hydroxide, it forms magnesium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. This is a chemical reaction where the magnesium displaces hydrogen from the sodium hydroxide, resulting in the formation of magnesium hydroxide and hydrogen gas as products.
How is a change in hydrogen ion concentration reflected in the pH?
pH is the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration; so an increase in hydrogen ion concentration give a reduction in pH. A reduction in hydrogen ion concentration causes an increase in pH.
What is the relationship between pH and hydrogen ion?
The numeric pH is the negative log of the "hydrogen ion" concentration in moles per liter. That's in quotes, because chemists know it's not really present as discrete hydrogen ions in practice.
