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When one organism gets eaten, the other animal that ate it only gets ten percent of the energy passed on to it. So say a bug eats 10,000 calories worth of grass. Only 1,000 calories get passed on to the bug. When a mouse eats the bug, the mouse gets only 100 calories from the bug. When a hawk eats the mouse, the hawk gets only 10 of the original calories that came from the grass.
More efficient use is made of food plants by humans consuming them directly rather than than first converting them into animal products,since this cuts out at least one of the energy-losing stages in the food chain

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Why are food chains not efficient?

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The length of a food chain is inversely related to its efficiency. Longer food chains have more steps of energy transfer and are less efficient because energy is lost at each step through processes like respiration and heat loss, leading to less available energy for higher trophic levels. Shorter food chains are more efficient because there are fewer energy transfer steps, which results in more energy being available at each trophic level.


Why are long food chains less effective in transferring energy than short food chains?

Short food chains are more efficient than long food chains because you lose energy as you go up the chain. For example, if we say that plants take in 100% of the possible energy, when a rabbit eats that grass, the rabbit only gets 50% of the energy because the plants were using their stored energy to make food. It continues on like this for as long as the food chain lasts. (Note: the amount of energy isn't correct; I just used those percentages as examples.


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Aquatic food chains tend to be longer than land food chains because aquatic ecosystems often have more diverse and abundant species at each trophic level. The availability of different habitats and a greater variety of food sources in aquatic environments allows for more complex interactions and energy transfer among organisms, resulting in longer food chains. Additionally, the presence of phytoplankton, which form the base of many aquatic food chains, supports a larger number of higher trophic levels.


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