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Sodium is a brother of the alkali metals, a group of highly reactive elements. Like all alkali metals, a atom of sodium has one extremely loose electron attached on its outer shell, and it is really annoying to the sodium, and, in response, alkali metals will react with almost anything they touch to get rid of that electron, water as listed one of them.

When a chunk of sodium or any other alkali metal hits water, it starts a violent reaction. The sodium is so highly reactive that it grabs the hydrogen and oxygen atoms that form water and rips them apart, vaporizing water into flammable hydrogen and oxygen. The massive heat generated by the reaction ignites the hydrogen and oxygen, fusing them into water (two hydrogen atoms and one hydrogen atom), at the same time the fire that was set aflame by the hydrogen will create the massive fire and explosion.

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