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Human ancestors are believed to have originated in middle Africa. Humans' skin color changed over time, because selection acted against some of the traits humans possess in relationship to the advantage of their survival and fitness. Selection favored higher concentration of melanin; a pigment found in all forms of animal life, which account for the dark color of skin, hair, fur etc. in humans whose habitat was in Africa, to be able to withstand the amount of sun's heat. And after decades, this trait became permanent with humans. However humans who possess lighter skin color had selection favor that type of skin color, because over the years they migrated to a new habitat; habitat which is colder, and as a result of this selection favored lighter skin color in a relationship to the advantage of humans' survival and fitness in such habitat. In order for humans' to withstand cold; evolution gave rise to lesser amount of melanin.

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