Tite Bond ll is stainable. Gorilla Glue claims to be stainable, but I haven't tested it yet.
Thick glues are called 'gel' glues.
No, it will not lighten stain, just add another layer. The only way I have ever been able to lighten stain is to sand it off carefully.
Some glues, such as PVA glues in particular, can absorb water.
It does not stain `cabinets if they are made entirely of wood. It will stain formica or similar type surfaces on cabinets. Also do not polish any metal with the Pledge.
any liquid will stain concrete, even water. If you have A "water mark" from any liquid, You can use floor dry or kitty litter and put it on then rub it in with your feel, This takes A lot of foot work but the result will be worth it if you are that woried about the stain.
Try rubbing with Goof Off, it removes many glues.
Plastic Lumber made from 100% HDPE like MAXiTUF would not stain. However, if you are using a composite made with some additional filler such as wood or bamboo you would be able to stain the stain the filler.
any reputable remodeling guy sold be able to handle it.
there are poly specific glues carried at most home improvement stores
Yes, easily with any number of glues, silicone, epoxy, contact cement, almost any - except PVA glues ( they will not stick to most plastics).
Any glue made with chemicals is a synthetic glue, take your pick.
The toxins might not be able to air out in a closed environment.
Glues come in many different colours.
My two favorite glues are Shoe Goop and Gloozit. They are both silicone type glues .
Use natural glues like egg whites if you use any at all. It is better to avoid glues if at all possible.
Gel glue is any glue that is thickened from it's original state. There are now quite a few gel versions of super or krazy glues.
I don't see any disadvantages of glues when used properly.