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Protons are moved into the thylakoid using engery from what?

ATP


How does the structure of the chloroplast enable it to build up a concentration gradient of protons?

The membrane inside the thylakoid of the chloroplast pumps H+ ions from the outside compartment (stroma) to the inside (lumen). This builds the gradient. The electrons are pumped using energy released from a high energy electron which was energized through light absorption. This electron comes from the breakdown of water.


What is produced when using the energy from photons hitting photsystem II?

When photons hit photosystem II in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts, they excite electrons that are used to split water molecules into oxygen, protons, and electrons. The oxygen is released as a byproduct, while the electrons are used to generate ATP and NADPH through the process of photosynthesis.


How does the structure of chloroplast enables it to build up a concentration gradient of protons?

The membrane inside the thylakoid of the chloroplast pumps H+ ions from the outside compartment (stroma) to the inside (lumen). This builds the gradient. The electrons are pumped using energy released from a high energy electron which was energized through light absorption. This electron comes from the breakdown of water.


How chemical energy is formed formed from light energy during photosynthesis?

Photophosphorylation is the process of creating ATP using a Proton gradient created by the Energy gathered from sunlight. The process of creating the Proton gradient resembles that of the electron transport chain of Respiration. But since formation of this proton gradient is light-dependent, the process is called Photophosphorylation. Chemiosmosis - Chemiosmosis is the process of using Proton movement to join ADP and Pi. This is accomplished by enzymes called ATP synthases or ATPases. The CF1-ATPase of the Thylakoid membrane is shown on the left (DIAGRAM IN LINK). As protons pass through this enzyme ADP and Pi are joined to make ATP. The movement of the Protons through this enzyme provides the Energy needed to make ATP


Where photosynthesis occurs?

Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells, specifically in the thylakoid membranes. This process converts light energy into chemical energy by using carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to produce glucose and oxygen as byproducts.


What goes in the electron transport chain?

In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from one protein complex to another, using energy to pump protons across a membrane. This creates an electrochemical gradient that is used to generate ATP in a process known as oxidative phosphorylation. Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the chain, which combines with protons to form water.


What main energy currency of cells is made using the protons from the water molecules?

ATPis made like that. ATPis the universal currency of energy


How is light energy transformed into chemical energy during photosynthesis?

Photophosphorylation is the process of creating ATP using a Proton gradient created by the Energy gathered from sunlight. The process of creating the Proton gradient resembles that of the electron transport chain of Respiration. But since formation of this proton gradient is light-dependent, the process is called Photophosphorylation. Chemiosmosis - Chemiosmosis is the process of using Proton movement to join ADP and Pi. This is accomplished by enzymes called ATP synthases or ATPases. The CF1-ATPase of the Thylakoid membrane is shown on the left (DIAGRAM IN LINK). As protons pass through this enzyme ADP and Pi are joined to make ATP. The movement of the Protons through this enzyme provides the Energy needed to make ATP


What is it called when a molecule moved across a membrane through a protein channel without using energy?

Passive Transport


Synthesis of ATP during the light reactions?

Hydrogen ions, flowing from the thylakoid lumen to the stroma in the chloroplast, have to move through a protein called the ATP synthase. Each time 3 protons moves through it, an ADP is phosphorylated into ATP. The protons move through the protein because a gradient is built up and there is a high concentration of protons in the lumen compared to that of the stroma. These protons move freely down their chemical gradient by chemiosmosis, and the ATP synthase takes advantage of this process by using their energy to power itself.


Can you make a sentence using ionization energy?

Here's An Example: The negative and positive protons get together and make Ionization Energy