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Example 1If a 235U atom splits up into two nuclides with mass number 117 and 118, estimate the energy released in the process.
SolutionA search of stable nuclides with mass numbers 117 and 118 are 117Sn50, and 118Sn50, their masses being 116.902956 and 117.901609 amu respectively. The mass of 235U is 235.043924 amu. The difference in mass 235.043924 - (116.902956 + 117.901609)
= 0.2394 amu (931.5 MeV) / (1 amu)
= 223 MeV.
Discussion
Actually, the fission is induced by neutrons, and usually the split is uneven. In reality, two neutrons are also released, but they were ignored in this example to make the estimate simple. Furthermore, the fission products are beta emitters as illustrated by example 2.
Example 2Assume the neutron induced fission reaction to be, 235U + n ® 142Cs55 + 90Rb35 + 4 n.
explain the results and estimate the energy released.
Solution
The neutron-rich fission products are beta emitters:142Cs55 ( , b) 142Ba56 ( , b) 142La57 ( , b) 142Ce58 ( , b) 142Pr59 ( , b) 142Nd60 (stable)
90Rb37 ( , b) 90Sr38 ( , b) 90Y39 ( , b) 90Zr40 (stable)
The masses of n, 142Nd60 and 90Zr40 are 1.008665, 141.907719 and 89.904703 amu respectively. The energy per fission and the decay energy are estimated as follows. Energy = 235.04924 - (89.904703 + 141.907719 + 3 x 1.008665)
= 0.210823 amu (931.5 MeV / amu)
= 196 MeV (1.6022e-13 J / MeV)
= 3.15e-11 J
What else can I help you with?
Can fission happen on earth?
Yes, all natural radiation (in the rocks) is a result of fission (but this fission is not part of a chain reaction like in a fission bomb). However, it is theoretically possible for natural processes to concentrate radioactive elements (uranium) to the extent where a natural nuclear fission reactor (a chain reaction like in a nuclear power plant) will form. Oklo in in Gabon is the only known location for this to have happened and consists of 16 sites at which self-sustaining nuclear fission reactions took place approximately 1.7 billion years ago.
Why are neutrons fired at the uranium nuclei?
Under bombardment with thermal neutrons a nuclear fission is produced with the isotopes 235U and 233U; a formidable energy is released after fission.
What is a force that tends to pull atoms apart?
The force that pulls atoms apart is called fission. Nuclear reactors use controlled fission to produce massive amounts of energy.
Is a cat scan nuclear fusion or nuclear fission?
Neither, a CAT scan is one where computers are used to synthesise an image, but the radiation used is usually X-rays, though positron emission can be used, in this case it will be using appropriate radiation sources. Fusion and fission don't come into it.
Why do neutrons work better than protons in causing fission?
Contrary to how many (including my younger self) envision the process, fission is not a process of a nucleon blasting its way into a nucleus, scattering the latter like a fast moving marble smashing into a group of other marbles. Instead, it results when a nucleus is too large to be stable for more than a few micro-seconds. This happens when a nucleus absorbs one too many nucleons. Thus, the best way to create fission is to send a nucleon into the nucleus that will absorb that nucleon. It so happens that slow neutrons are BY FAR the most likely nucleons to absorbed by a nucleus, leading to a nucleus so unstable that it breaks apart. Protons and fast neutrons simply have so little chance of being absorbed, that they could never be used to create fission.
What are the examples of nuclear effects?
Fission and fusion
Fission and fusion are examples of what?
Nuclear processes that can release large amounts of energy.
List three examples of organisms which reproduce by binary fission?
One examples of bulb is tulips ... One example of binary fission is bacteria.
What are 3 examples of the process of binary fission?
Bacteria, Amoeba, and algae
What are 3 examples of nuclear enegy?
1. Fission of uranium 235. 2. Fission of plutonium 239 . 3. Fusion of deuterium and tritium
What are two examples of asexual reproduction?
The two types of reproductions are fission and mitosis.
What are examples of fission reactants?
Uranium-235, plutonium-239, and thorium-232 are examples of reactants used in nuclear fission reactions. These heavy elements can split into smaller nuclei when bombarded with neutrons, releasing a large amount of energy.
What are some nonexamples fo nuclear fission?
Burning wood, cooking food on a stove, and rusting metal are all examples of chemical reactions that are not examples of nuclear fission. Additionally, photosynthesis, respiration, and fermentation are biological processes which do not involve nuclear fission.
Binary fission examples?
binary fission is mainly four types : 1 simply binary fission eg. ameoba bacteria 2. longitudinal binary fissioneg. euglena 3.transverse binary fission eg paramecium, planaria4. oblique binary fission
Where do you get nuclear fission?
You get nuclear fission in:nuclear fission reactorsatomic fission bombs
2 examples of Binary fission?
Binary Fission-Binary fission, or prokaryotic fission, is the form of asexual reproduction and cell division used by all prokaryotic and some eukaryotic organisms. This process results in the reproduction of a living prokaryotic cell by division into two parts which each have the potential to grow to the size of the original cell.(bi ner ry fizz zion)Example~bacteria~
Are there any non examples of radioactive decay?
Nuclear fusion and nuclear fission are processes that involve nuclear reactions but are not examples of radioactive decay. Chemical reactions, such as burning wood, do not involve nuclear processes and are also not examples of radioactive decay.
