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Q: What is a device placed on the skin that picks up electrical impulses given off by the heart?
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Why lidocaine is not given in complete heart block?

Because Lidocaine is decreasing the Ventricular Excitability which is the only source of Impulses in 3 AVB.Hence it would cause Acute heart failure....


When doctors are trying to start up a heart with a defibrillator when is epinephrine given is it during or only after the heart's started beating again?

First of all, they don't always use epinephrine. You need to understand that they aren't actually trying to "start up" the heart, they are trying to correct a serious cardiac arrythmia. Now, forget about everything you see in movies for a second, any medical show/ movie on TV is full of medical inconsistency. See, defibrillators actually stop the heart's electrical activity rather than start it. The two conditions in which an external defibrillator is used are called Ventricular Fibrillation (V-Fib) and Ventricular Tachycardia (V-Tach). V-Fib is when the heart's electrical activity is completely disorganized and the heart is "twitching", V-Tach is basically when the heart is beating so fast that it is not moving blood. Both situations, as you can imagine, are very serious. The defibrillator shocks the patient to the point where the heart's electrical activity stops, and since the heart makes its own electrical impulse, it will then hopefully restart itself. So answering your question, epinephrine can be given in certain cases to attempt to help the heart restart itself. Usually an initial shock will be given beforehand but it will be given before other shocks if the heart does not restart itself the first time (which a LOT of times it does not). But thinking back to what I said about V-Tach, you do not want to give epinephrine to a patient whose heart is beating too fast to begin with. Sorry for the complex answer, but it's hard to answer a question like that without explaining some other things as well.


What is pharmacologic management of ventricular fibrillation?

Patients who experience ventricular fibrillation (which is disorganized electrical activity occuring within the lower chambers of the heart) are resuscitated via defibrillation. Defibrillation consists of an electric shock usually delivered via conductive pads or paddles. It essentially resets all the cells of the heart in hopes that when electrical activity resumes, it will be organized and able to pump blood. Untreated, all ventricular fibrillation is fatal, and patients who are at known risk for experiencing this arrythmia can be provided with an implanted cardioverter defibrillator, or ICD. This is a device which is placed under the skin of the upper torso and connected to the heart with a wire. It contains a computer which will monitor the patient's heart at all times and deliver a shock if recognizes ventricular fibrillation or a related rhythm called ventricular tachycardia. There are also certain drugs, such as amiodarone and lidocaine, which can be given to a patient at known risk for ventricular fibrillation in order to make it less likely. These drugs usually work by making the cell membranes of the cells of the heart more electrically stable. Many of the same drugs can also be given if defibrillation is initially unsuccessful in order to help make it more effective. It should be noted that there is a very short window of time to treat ventricular fibrillation (permenant brain damage begins to occur approximately 4-6 minutes after the onset of the arrythmia), and the prognosis for these patients is generally very poor if they are not defibrillated immediately and transferred to a critical care setting.


Why can't you use masking tape to tape electrical wires?

Masking tape isn't designed to be either insulating or watertight, so it's a really bad choice to use to tape electrical wiring together. What masking tape is designed for is paint masking then easy removal after the paint dries without leaving any residue. If you just temporarily want to tape the wires to a wall or something, it's fine, but using it on exposed wiring is a bad idea, and masking tape isn't designed for longtime service anyway. Masking tape is considered disposable, electrical tape is considered permanent. <<>> Electrical tape has an inherent insulation property. It comes in many thickness and temperature ratings. There are two main types in use in the electrical trade. The PVC tape is the everyday tape used for general insulating purposes. The second type is a rubber amalgamating tape. This type is used on large motor splices. Once the rubber tape is applied, it amalgamates into one mass of rubber to provide the proper insulation value. After the rubber tape is applied an over wrap of PVC tape is applied to provide wear protection to the splice.


What name is given to a tidal wave?

Tsunami is the name given to a tidal wave.

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