With film cameras the film captures the image. With digital cameras an electronic device with many small sensors (the number of sensors determines the megapixel count) captures the image and sends it to a computer which records it on a memory card.
Historically, the light sensitive part of a camera was the film, and specifically the silver compounds on the surface of the film that changed their state when exposed to light. In today's digital cameras, the light sensitive part is the "sensor", either a "CCD Array" or "CMOS" array of silicon photocells that collect light energy from incident photons and allow it to be read into a semiconductor memory that stores the picture.
The lens! You mean you didn't know that? What part of your head focused light rays? Same ... the lens (of your eye).
The emulsion side.
Panchromatic camera is a camera which's sensitive to all colors of light. - R. M. Maran
The functional opening is the aperture, the opening that controls the amount of light that hits the photosensitive surface. You may have a camera with interchangeable lenses that screw into and out of the camera's body. The opening into which the lens is screwed is not the aperture.
Infrared (IR) photos are taken with normal cameras using infrared film. The difference is the film used, not the camera. IR film is sensitive to the IR spectrum of light, not the visible spectrum.
Answer 1A very brief and very over-simplified description is that a camera is: 1. a "box"2. with a light sensitive media [film or electronic light sensing grid] at the back side,3. with an opening [lens or pin hole] at the front to admit light from a subject and to form an image on the media,4. and a method [a diaphragm to control the intensity of the light, and a shutter to control the length of time the light is allow to strike the media] of controlling the amount of light getting to the media.
The CCD is the part of the camera that changes the light that enters the camera into a digital signal that is then saved on the memory card. You can think of it as where the film would be in a regular 35mm film camera.
Panchromatic camera is a camera which's sensitive to all colors of light. - R. M. Maran
The retina at the back of the eye is light-sensitive.
The functional opening is the aperture, the opening that controls the amount of light that hits the photosensitive surface. You may have a camera with interchangeable lenses that screw into and out of the camera's body. The opening into which the lens is screwed is not the aperture.
The basic principle of photography has not changed since the very first camera was invented.A light sensitive material is placed in a light-less housing.Then a timed, controlled amount of light is allowed to fall on this material through a single point. The photograph is then "developed" from this light sensitive material onto a use-able medium.Over the years, this light sensitive material has changed from a chemical process to a paper based film process to the digital process we know today.a "Camera" can be something as simple as a completely enclosed cardboard box with a sheet of light sensitive film on the back and a pin-hole on the front... (Known as a Pinhole Camera)Or it can be as complex as the modern digital camera with interchangeable, variable lenses.
The emulsion of a camera is a coating on the lens that is sensitive to light. It has that in common with the human brain as both take in signals from light and process them.
Skin
pupil
Most digital camera sensors are sensitive to a small range of IR, as well as visible light.
The retina at the back of the eye is light-sensitive
The lens.
The shutter.
the chloroplast