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No such effect exists. You are, possibly, referring to the greenhouse effect some materials and gasses have.
Some gasses are transparent to certain electromagnetic wavelengths and opaque to others.
Energy, in the form of electromagnetic lightwaves, pass through the atomosphere. However there are certain gasses that are opaque, to a certain extent, to energy in the form of electromagnetic infrared, or heat energy.
Energy in the form of heat, is blocked by such gasses and cannot easily radiate away.
Which is exactly the same reason why greenhouses work. Hence the name 'greenhouse effect'.
An excellent example of this is the planet Venus which has a runaway 'greenhouse effect'.

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