Almost 390 K.
The moon like Earth is basically a globe or ball. it is cold except for the changes in temperature on the surface caused by the sun.
The temperature on the moon is the same on all sides. Around 100C in the middle of the day and -173C middle of the night. Although the moon is about the same distance from the Sun as Earth the reason for the moons extremes is it does not have the atmosphere Earth does. I have the feeling that you are labouring under the delusion that the dark side of the moon sees no sun. Not true, the moon only shows one side to Earth because it does not rotate on its axis, but everyone else in our solar system gets a look at all sides, including the sun.
The sun is a sphere and the moon is a sphere.
At the Tropic of Capricorn.
the moon is black because there is no sun reflecting on it the sun is behind the moon
The New Moon is directly overhead in locations close to the equator but even when the New Moon is directly overhead it won't be visible because the shadowed side of the moon is facing the Earth. Also when the New Moon is directly overhead, the sun will also be close to overhead as well, as the moon is closest to the sun during the New Moon phase.
Because they're ignorant, whoever "they" are. The term "New Moon" does not mean the Moon is directly overhead, it means that the Moon is (approximately) between the Earth and the Sun.
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The distance between the Sun and the Moon is not related to the temperature on Earth.
The Sun is the source of almost all heat in the Solar System. The Moon has only the Sun for a primary source of its own temperature ... so the moon is not as hot as the sun for the same reason a person standing twenty feet from a campfire is not as hot as the campfire itself: it is distant from the Sun and temperature decreases with distance.
It doesn't - the moon's proximity to Earth has no bearing on Earth's temperature - the Sun does that.
air tempeter is the sun, earth, and the moon of the shy.. of the cloudsair tempeter is the sun, earth, and the moon of the shy.. of the clouds
That would be true of latitudes in the range of roughly 23.5° to 29° both north and south.
No. The moon actually splits in two and thats how the eye percieves it as one.
135 degree celsius
To be directly overhead the moon must be at the correct latitude. For some locations this is simply not possible because the moon's orbit is nearly in the plane of the equator. For other locations, it is necessary to know the latitude of your location.
The moon that is the farthest from the Sun. Triton, a moon of Neptune, has the lowest temperature so far measured.