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Aha! Mapmakers have, by customary usage among the trade, been causing confusion on the relationship between scale and size. This question is the result of confusing people when discussing cartography.

In this answer, I will explain why "Why is the inset map drawn to a larger scale than the other map?"results from a common cartographical misunderstanding, and set the record straight.

Map scale is a fraction where the numerator is always 1. To put it more exactly, Map scale is the ratio of map distance to the same distance in the real landscape. Another way to think about scale is to consider how much a real land area would need to be shrunk down to fit in the map display you are using. Take Australia and shrink it by an enormous number (a scale of 1/enormous) to make it small enough to fit on a map display area.

If you wanted to make a map the area of the city of Sydney that would fit on the same size map display, Sydney being smaller in land area, would need to be shrunk by less, (using a map scale of 1/less than enormous).

The confusion about scale began when mapmakers, who noticed that the numerator of the scale was always 1, began to leave off saying the scale numerator and, as a shortcut, refer to the scale by using just the denominator value. This hasty habit resulted in describing a map where the scale denominator is very large as a large scale map.

Having created a scaled map of Sydney, you create another map showing Australia with a dot at Sydney's location to use as in index. The scale ratio for the inset map has to be a smaller fraction to appear within the main map.

Thus, smaller scale maps show larger areas of land on the same size map display. That's opposite from normal use of the word size as in shoe size, where bigger sizes cover bigger areas, just the opposite of map scales.

The answer is that an index map is always drawn using a smaller scale than the scale used on the main map.

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Q: Why is the inset map drawn to a larger scale than the other map?
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Aha! Mapmakers have, by customary usage among the trade, been causing confusion on the relationship between scale and size. This question is the result of confusing people when discussing cartography. In this answer, I will explain why "Why is the inset map drawn to a larger scale than the other map?"results from a common cartographical misunderstanding, and set the record straight. Map scale is a fraction where the numerator is always 1. To put it more exactly, Map scale is the ratio of map distance to the same distance in the real landscape. Another way to think about scale is to consider how much a real land area would need to be shrunk down to fit in the map display you are using. Take Australia and shrink it by an enormous number (a scale of 1/enormous) to make it small enough to fit on a map display area. If you wanted to make a map the area of the city of Sydney that would fit on the same size map display, Sydney being smaller in land area, would need to be shrunk by less, (using a map scale of 1/less than enormous). The confusion about scale began when mapmakers, who noticed that the numerator of the scale was always 1, began to leave off saying the scale numerator and, as a shortcut, refer to the scale by using just the denominator value. This hasty habit resulted in describing a map where the scale denominator is very large as a large scale map. Having created a scaled map of Sydney, you create another map showing Australia with a dot at Sydney's location to use as in index. The scale ratio for the inset map has to be a smaller fraction to appear within the main map. Thus, smaller scale maps show larger areas of land on the same size map display. That's opposite from normal use of the word size as in shoe size, where bigger sizes cover bigger areas, just the opposite of map scales. The answer is that an index map is always drawn using a smaller scale than the scale used on the main map.


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