Medieval people inherited much of their understanding of science from ancient Greeks and Romans. The idea of four humors was part of what they had inherited. The idea persisted into modern times, even after the introduction of more scientific medical practices from Islamic medicine, which discarded the idea. The fact that doctors of Western Europe kept the idea alive into the nineteenth century is possibly just a matter of tradition.
Many still believed they were caused by imbalances of the four humors. Although the idea that microorganisms caused them was beginning to catch on.
Galen was a Greek doctor who wrote 350 texts on medicines in ancient Rome. His theory of opposites was that if you had a cold, you should eat something hot and spicy, or if you had a high temperature, you should eat something cold to cool you down.
The theory of the four humors, which originated in ancient Greek medicine, began to decline in popularity during the Renaissance, particularly in the 16th and 17th centuries. By the 19th century, advancements in medical science, such as the development of germ theory and improved understanding of human anatomy, led to the abandonment of humoral theory. While remnants of the idea lingered in some traditional practices, it is largely considered obsolete in modern medicine.
Before the microscope, people believed that the body was made of a balance of four elemental substances: earth, water, air, and fire. This theory, known as the theory of the four humors, influenced medical practices for centuries and was based on the idea that an imbalance of these substances caused illness.
Galen accepted the view that disease was the result of an imbalance between blood, phlegm, yellow bile and blood bile. He also shared the belief in natures healing power and developed treatments to restore the balance of the four humours. He was very fond of bloodletting.Hippocrates theories were the basis of his work, and a breakthrough in medical knowledge. He used the idea of the four humours to create his opposites theory.
Alfred Wegener first put forward the idea in 1912
The Ancient Romans weren't skilled physicists as we would consider to be today. They used herbal remedies and a notable figure in Ancient Roman medicine is Galen, who was from Greece, but made a big mark on their culture. He put forward the idea of the four humours, which were prominent in medicine until the time of Vesalius.Many of the medicines used were influenced by Greece, but some remedies they did use were: Fennel, Rhubarb, Aloe, and Liquorice.
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The idea that matter has four properties—hot, cold, dry, and wet—originates from ancient Greek philosophy, particularly from the work of Empedocles and later developed by Hippocrates and Galen. They believed that these properties correspond to the four classical elements: fire, air, earth, and water. This theory was influential in ancient and medieval medicine and philosophy.
Galen made significant contributions to anatomy by dissecting animals and studying their anatomy to better understand human anatomy. He wrote detailed descriptions of human organs, muscles, and bones based on his dissections, and his works influenced medical knowledge for centuries. Galen's anatomical discoveries and classifications laid the foundation for the understanding of the human body in Western medicine.