Core accretion theory

Answer 1

This belongs in astronomy.

It's a theory of how solar systems have come to be.

Basically, clouds of gas draw together and form an accretion disc (which lies in a plane equal to the planets' axes).

In the center a sun is created from the large amount of particles gathering there.

Elsewhere particles gather and form larger particles, which collide and gain size over time.

After a long, long time a solar system has been created.

All the details are not known, and this was probably the most simplistic explanation of the theory possible, try searching for accretion disc.

Answer 2

This answer is not in detail but it gives you a bit of an idea of how it works.

With the "core accretion" theory, planets start as small rock-ice cores that grow as they gravitationally acquire additional mass.

The most commonly accepted mechanism for the formation of Jupiter-like planets is the core accretion model. In this model a rocky core forms through the coagulation of planetesimals until it is sufficiently massive to accrete a gaseous envelope. Initially this envelope is in hydrostatic equilibrium, with most of the luminosity provided by the accreting planetesimals. Once the core reaches a critical mass, however, hydrostatic equilibrium is no longer possible, and a phase of rapid gas accretion occurs.

See more on the related link below.

Answer 3

The core accretion theory, also known as the nebular hypothesis or the classical model, is a widely accepted scientific explanation for the formation of gas giant planets, such as Jupiter and Saturn, in our solar system and beyond. According to this theory, the formation of gas giants occurs in several stages:

Formation of a Protoplanetary Disk: The process begins with the formation of a protoplanetary disk, also known as a circumstellar disk or accretion disk. This disk is composed of gas, dust particles, and various ices surrounding a young star. It forms from the remnants of the stellar nebula, a cloud of gas and dust left over after star formation.

Dust Particle Accretion: Within the protoplanetary disk, small dust particles collide and stick together, gradually growing in size through a process known as accretion. These particles are mainly composed of rock and ice, and as they grow larger, they begin to exert gravitational influence on surrounding matter.

Formation of Planetesimals: As dust particles continue to collide and merge, they eventually form larger bodies called planetesimals. These planetesimals can range in size from a few meters to several kilometers in diameter. The gravitational attraction between planetesimals allows them to accrete more material, gradually increasing their size and mass.

Core Formation: As planetesimals grow, they may continue to collide and merge, eventually reaching a critical mass where their gravitational pull becomes strong enough to attract and hold on to gas from the surrounding disk. This gas primarily consists of hydrogen and helium. The solid core of the future gas giant is formed by the accretion and consolidation of these planetesimals.

Gas Accretion: Once the core reaches a certain mass, it can start to accrete gas directly from the protoplanetary disk. The core's gravity attracts gas particles, causing them to fall onto the core's surface and gradually accumulate. This gas accretion process can be rapid, with the gas giant's mass increasing significantly over time.

Final Assembly: As the gas giant accretes more gas, it grows in size and mass. The process continues until the protoplanetary disk is mostly depleted or dissipates, marking the end of gas accretion. The result is a fully formed gas giant planet with a solid core surrounded by a thick atmosphere primarily composed of hydrogen and helium.

The core accretion theory provides a framework for understanding the formation of gas giants and has been supported by observational evidence, computer simulations, and studies of exoplanetary systems. However, it is important to note that alternative theories, such as the disk instability model, have also been proposed to explain the formation of gas giants, and ongoing research continues to refine our understanding of planetary formation processes.

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Answer 4

A widely accepted model for explaining planet formation is the core accretion theory. Planets are thought to form as a result of the steady accumulation of solid matter in a protoplanetary disk that surrounds a young star. The cycle starts with the development of a rough center through the crash and staying together of little residue particles. The core begins to gravitatically attract gas from the disk as it gets bigger, eventually creating a thick atmosphere. A fully developed planet is created by the accretion of both gas and solid matter over time.