From observation and mathematical models.
Sunspots, prominences and flares are all manifestations of magnetic fields, and these are indicators of processes going on deeper within the Sun. Also, just as earthquakes can help geologists study the Earth's interior, so can "sun-quakes" provide info about the Sun's interior.
Astronomers study celestial bodies, helio astronomers specifically study suns.
Astronomers create mathematical models that use the laws of physics, the Sun's observed composition and mass, and computers to predict internal conditions. By measuring Doppler shifts, we observe vibrations of the Sun's surface that are created deep within the Sun.
Early astronomers observed that the sun appeared to move across the sky in a consistent pattern, rising in the east and setting in the west. This observation was used to support the geocentric theory, which posited that the Earth was at the center of the universe and that all celestial bodies revolved around it.
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the corona is much hotter than the layers of the sun that are closer to the sun's interior
There is no answer
Sunspots, prominences and flares are all manifestations of magnetic fields, and these are indicators of processes going on deeper within the Sun. Also, just as earthquakes can help geologists study the Earth's interior, so can "sun-quakes" provide info about the Sun's interior.
For a start, the Sun emits energy; the laws of Thermodynamics state that that can't go on forever. Beyond that, astronomers know quite a deal about what goes on in stars such as the Sun; specifically, hydrogen is converted to helium, in a process known as fusion. After a while (a few billion years in a star with the mass of our Sun), the star will run out of its fuel (the hydrogen). Helium can then be converted to heavier elements, but this doesn't last forever, either.
Sunspots rotate at different speeds.
Astronomers think the sun will die in 2012
While it is difficult to know exactly what is going on inside the sun, scientists make educated guesses. They have radio and optical telescopes and other instruments monitoring the sun all the time.
Parallax is the method that astronomers use to measure the distance from the sun to the earth.
stupis if i would know the answer i wouldn't even ask
While it is difficult to know exactly what is going on inside the sun, scientists make educated guesses. They have radio and optical telescopes and other instruments monitoring the sun all the time.
The specialists called solar astronomers or helio astronomers study the sun in the subject of helio astronomy.
stupis if i would know the answer i wouldn't even ask