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Well, atmospheres help absorb heat, so it traps in heat from the sun to make it warmer, so the absence of an atmosphere on the moon affects it by making it cooler because without an atmosphere, there is no way to trap in and keep heat.

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Q: How does the absence of an atmosphere affect the Moon's surface temperature?
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How does the angle of the light affect the temperature of a surface?

How does the angle of light affect the temperature of a surface?


Does the distance from the sun affect the earth's temperature?

Because of the Earths atmosphere, the distance from the Sun, does not affect the temperature on the surface of the Earth. In the northern hemisphere, we are closer to the Sun in winter and the furthest away in summer.


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The atmosphere moderates temperature changes, keeping the surface warm at night and cool in the day. Without an atmosphere on Earth the temperature would probably go from about +100 degrees to -100 degrees every 24 hours. The atmosphere keeps it nicely within a range of ten degrees usually. Carbon dioxide allows radiant heat through to the Earth's surface but blocks heat being radiated away from the surface which is at a relatively low temperature. So it produces a 'greenhouse' effect which raises the surface temperature, but only by a little at present. On Venus, which has a 95% carbon dioxide atmosphere, the greenhouse effect has made the surface temperature 400-500 degrees C.


What planet has the highest average surface temperature and why?

Venus, because of its atmosphere. The greenhouse affect keeps the atmosphere from letting certain gases out so it just gets hotter and the atmosphere just gets thicker.


How can the atmosphere affect the temperature of a planet?

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The most major affect the hydrosphere has on the atmosphere would be evaporation. As water transfers between the two, it evaporates at a rate equivalent to the surface temperature of the area. As you reach the equator, the surface temperature rises, which causes more water to evaporate at the hydrosphere.


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Venus has a runaway greenhouse affect because its atmosphere is extremely thick, and therefore retains heat well. The average temperature on the surface is about 460 degrees Celsius.


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Examples: temperature, material stress, surface deffects in materials, humidity, type of atmosphere, type of alloy, unprotected surfaces.


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