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In our solar system, there are 8 major planets and 5 dwarf planets, for a total of 13 planets.

Including dwarf planets, there are also minor planets. As of 2017, the orbits of 734,274 minor planets were archived at the Minor Planet Center, 496,815 of which had received permanent numbers.

There are however many more exoplanets or planets outside the solar system - almost 2,000 have been identified to date, and statistically speaking there may be as many as 200 billion planets in our galaxy.

As to why there are the current number in our own system - this can be attributed to configuration of matter in the proto-nebula of gas and dust from which the planets (and Sun) formed, where conditions happened to be favorable to the formation of the planets as they collected mass through gravitational effects.

Note that leading theory indicates the solar system layout may have been very different - for example, a spectacular collision may have stripped Mercury of a significant amount of its mass; Venus may have rotated differently; Uranus and Neptune possibly occupied orbits much closer to the Sun.

Some planets may have been flung into space out of our solar system; it's even possible at one or more times that the Sun temporarily captured a rogue planet formed outside the solar system.

So, the short answer for why the current count of planets is that, the current configuration happens to be fairly stable.

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