Just after the Big Bang all the matter that was created was dust and gas. This dust and gas started to create some little groups. (The reason why they started to group up is as followed: when two atoms meet each other, one of them may wrest an electron, which is not necessary, out of the other one. Let's call this atom 'Atom A'. When the atom with a spare electron (Atom B) touches another one, which has a lack on electrons, spare electron 'jumps off' from Atom A to Atom B. Nonetheless, Atom A still attracts this electron. What happens is that these two atoms just share it and so attract each other. You can see the same situation when using a glue stick.) Then these groups start to grow, and when they reach the size, where the gravity is strong enough to attract some smaller groups, they make these groups orbit them and so create a friction on themselves. The friction creates energy and rises the temperature. Through time the smaller groups finally join the bigger ones. In a couple of billions of years, one of the big groups reaches the size of the Sun. When this happens, it creates such a huge gravitational pull that it even makes another big groups of dust and gas orbit it. But because these groups are far enough, they do not create a friction. They continuously orbit the biggest group of dust and gas. We are used to call these groups 'planets' - they are bigger than an asteroid, but smaller than a star.
But they were completely different that time. There were about twenty of them. Ones were bigger, other ones were smaller. But the ones that were bigger attracted the smaller planets, which then joined together. And so on till there were only 8 planets left.
Another answer: The above answer is not completely accurate. For example
there may have been weak "van der Waals" forces involved in clumping matter together, but not the sort of chemical bonds described.
The hypothesis is called the "nebular hypothesis" because the solar system is believed to have formed from a "nebula" of gas and dust.
See the "related link" below for a more accurate statement of this hypothesis.
The link also gives details of the later evolution of the solar system.
The hypothesis on how the solar system was formed is known as the solar nebula theory. This theory posits that the solar system formed from a massive, rotating cloud of gas and dust called the solar nebula. Over time, gravity caused the material in the nebula to clump together, eventually forming the sun and the planets.
b
The most widely accepted model for the formation of the solar system is the nebular hypothesis. This theory suggests that the solar system formed from a rotating mass of gas and dust known as the solar nebula, which collapsed under its own gravity to form the Sun and surrounding planets approximately 4.6 billion years ago.
The nebular hypothesis is the most widely accepted model in the field of cosmogony to explain the formation and evolution of the Solar System (as well as other planetary systems). It suggests that the Solar System formed from nebulous material.
The Solar Nebula Hypothesis was developed independently by Soviet astrophysicist Victor Safronov and American astrophysicist Carl Woese in the 1960s. They proposed that the solar system formed from a swirling cloud of gas and dust called the solar nebula.
The hypothesis on how the solar system was formed is known as the solar nebula theory. This theory posits that the solar system formed from a massive, rotating cloud of gas and dust called the solar nebula. Over time, gravity caused the material in the nebula to clump together, eventually forming the sun and the planets.
b
It indicates about the Origin of Solar System as per Nebular Hypothesis.
The most widely accepted model for the formation of the solar system is the nebular hypothesis. This theory suggests that the solar system formed from a rotating mass of gas and dust known as the solar nebula, which collapsed under its own gravity to form the Sun and surrounding planets approximately 4.6 billion years ago.
Yes, a hypothesis for a solar system could be: "If a star has a rotating disk of gas and dust around it, then planets will form within this disk as the materials accrete and coalesce under the influence of gravity, eventually forming a stable system of orbiting bodies."
I think you mean "protoplanet hypothesis". In fact, astronomers usually call it the Nebular Hypothesis A protoplanet is a planet-like object that hasn't fully developed into a planet. Why that hypothesis? It's because it is the best we have to describe the origin of the solar system according to the Laws of Physics.
The nebular hypothesis is the most widely accepted model in the field of cosmogony to explain the formation and evolution of the Solar System (as well as other planetary systems). It suggests that the Solar System formed from nebulous material.
The Solar Nebula Hypothesis was developed independently by Soviet astrophysicist Victor Safronov and American astrophysicist Carl Woese in the 1960s. They proposed that the solar system formed from a swirling cloud of gas and dust called the solar nebula.
The hypothesis you're referring to is the Nebular Hypothesis. It proposes that the solar system formed from a giant rotating cloud of gas and dust, known as a solar nebula. As this nebula collapsed under its own gravity, it spun faster and flattened into a disk, leading to the formation of the Sun at its center and the planets from the surrounding material. This process explains the structure and composition of the solar system as we observe it today.
The formation of the solar system from a huge cloud of dust and gases is called solar nebular hypothesis. This theory suggests that a rotating disk of gas and dust collapsed under its own gravity, forming the Sun and planets.
The Solar nebula hypothesis is supported by several lines of evidence, including the observation of protoplanetary disks around young stars, which resemble the proposed structure of our early solar system. Additionally, the distribution of angular momentum in the solar system, with the Sun containing most of the mass and planets forming a flat disk, aligns with predictions of the hypothesis. The chemical composition of the planets, which reflects the solar nebula's materials, further corroborates this model. Lastly, computer simulations of the collapse of gas and dust clouds consistently produce outcomes that resemble the formation of our solar system.
The protoplanet hypothesis describes the formation of planets from the dust and gas present in the early solar system. It suggests that small planetesimals collided and merged to form larger celestial bodies, eventually leading to the creation of the planets we see today.