the solar system
An early collision by (proto) Earth with a large protoplanet..
The protoplanet theory, which explains the formation of planets from a rotating disk of gas and dust surrounding a young star, was developed through the contributions of several scientists. Key figures include the physicist Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker and later improvements by others such as Steven J. Desch. This theory evolved from earlier models of planetary formation and has been refined through observations and simulations of protoplanetary disks.
The primary sources of heat for protoplanets during their formation were gravitational collapse, radioactive decay of elements within the planet, and impacts from other celestial bodies. These heat sources contributed to melting the protoplanet's interior and driving geological processes like differentiation and magma ocean formation.
The protoplanet underwent differentiation, where heat caused materials to separate based on their density. The heavy elements sank to the core, while lighter materials floated to the surface, forming layers. This process is important in planetary formation as it leads to the creation of distinct layers within a planet.
The nebular hypothesis is a widely-accepted theory that explains the formation of the solar system. It suggests that the Sun and planets formed from a spinning disk of gas and dust called a solar nebula. As the nebula contracted due to gravity, it flattened into a disk and the Sun formed at the center, while planets and other celestial bodies formed from material in the disk.
I think you mean "protoplanet hypothesis". In fact, astronomers usually call it the Nebular Hypothesis A protoplanet is a planet-like object that hasn't fully developed into a planet. Why that hypothesis? It's because it is the best we have to describe the origin of the solar system according to the Laws of Physics.
The hypothesis states that during the formation of a star, the original nebula disk may be so massive that upon further contraction and flattening, it breaks into separate clouds (vortices) or protoplanets.
The hypothesis states that during the formation of a star, the original nebula disk may be so massive that upon further contraction and flattening, it breaks into separate clouds (vortices) or protoplanets.
An early collision by (proto) Earth with a large protoplanet..
No one was around at the time, so we're not really sure, but the current hypothesis in favor is called the "Giant Impact Hypothesis." It posits that a protoplanet about the same size as the current planet Mars struck the proto-Earth while it was still forming, and "splashed" a lot of rock off. This eventually formed the Moon, while the rest of this protoplanet (named Theia) joined with the Earth.
Hypothesis
describe three possible ways in which a hypothesis may rise?
It depends entirely on what the hypothesis is.
the big bang
A testable answer to a scientific question
Describe the asymmetry between falsification and verification in the process of hypothesis testing
The primary sources of heat for protoplanets during their formation were gravitational collapse, radioactive decay of elements within the planet, and impacts from other celestial bodies. These heat sources contributed to melting the protoplanet's interior and driving geological processes like differentiation and magma ocean formation.