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On March 1, 1966 the Venera 3 Soviet space probe crash-landed on Venus,
becoming the first spacecraft to reach the surface of another planet. The
descent capsule of Venera 4 entered the atmosphere of Venus on October 18, 1967,
making it the first probe to return direct measurements from another planet's atmosphere.
None of these missions reached the surface while still transmitting.
The first successful landing on Venus was by Venera 7 on December 15, 1970.
It remained in contact with Earth for 23 minutes, relaying surface temperatures.
Venera 8 landed on July 22, 1972. In addition to pressure and temperature
profiles, a photometer showed that the clouds of Venus formed a layer, ending
over 22 miles above the surface.
The Soviet probe Venera 9 entered orbit on October 22, 1975, becoming the first
artificial satellite of Venus. The 1,455 lb descent vehicle separated from Venera 9
and landed, taking the first pictures of the surface and analyzing the crust.
On October 25, 1975 Venera 10 arrived and carried out a similar program of study.
In 1978, NASA sent two Pioneer spacecraft to Venus. Four probes entered the
Venusian atmosphere on December 9, followed by the delivery vehicle. Although
not expected to survive the descent through the atmosphere, one probe did
continue to operate for 45 minutes after reaching the surface.
Also in 1978, Venera 11 and Venera 12 flew past Venus, dropping descent
vehicles on December 21 and December 25 respectively. Each lander made
measurements with a nephelometer, mass spectrometer, gas chromatograph,
and a cloud-droplet chemical analyzer. Strong lightning activity was also
detected.
In 1981, the Soviet Venera 13 sent the first colour image of Venus's surface and
analysed the X-ray fluorescence of an excavated soil sample. The probe
operated for a record 127 minutes on the planet's hostile surface.
Also in 1981, the Venera 14 lander detected possible seismic activity in the
planet's crust.
In December 1984, during the apparition of Halley's Comet, the Soviet Union
launched the two Vega probes to Venus. Vega 1 and Vega 2 encountered Venus
in June 1985, each deploying a lander and an instrumented helium balloon.
The landing vehicles carried experiments focusing on cloud aerosol composition
and structure. They were the last probes to land on Venus for decades.
What else can I help you with?
What planet is the only one on which unmanned spacecraft have successfully landed and explored?
Venus is the only planet where unmanned spacecraft have successfully landed and explored. The Soviet Union's Venera program landed several probes on Venus in the 1970s and 1980s, providing valuable data about the planet's atmosphere and surface conditions.
What was the first planet other then earth to have a spacecraft crash on it?
Venus was "hit" by the soviet Venera 3 in 1966.
What was the first unmanned probe to land on Venus?
The first unmanned probe to land on Venus was the Soviet spacecraft Venera 7, which successfully landed on the planet's surface on December 15, 1970.
A spacecraft that landed on mars in the 1970s?
The Viking 1 spacecraft landed on Mars in 1976, followed by Viking 2 also in the same year. These missions were the first to successfully land and send back images and data from the Martian surface, providing valuable insight into the planet's geology and atmosphere.
On which planets have space crafts landed?
As far as has been publicly announced, man-made spacecraft have landedon the earth, on the moon, and on Mars.
Has a spacecraft landed on Venus?
There have been several unmanned probes that have landed on Venus, but no people have gone there yet.
What planet is the only one on which unmanned spacecraft have successfully landed and explored?
Venus is the only planet where unmanned spacecraft have successfully landed and explored. The Soviet Union's Venera program landed several probes on Venus in the 1970s and 1980s, providing valuable data about the planet's atmosphere and surface conditions.
Has man ever landed on the surface of Venus?
No human has ever landed on Venus. Spacecraft have been sent there, but due to the conditions they do not last very long.
What terrestrial planets have spacecrafts not landed on?
Venus is the terrestrial planet that has not had a successful spacecraft landing. While several spacecraft have been sent to Venus, they have had difficulty due to its harsh environment, including high temperatures and atmospheric pressures.
Has anything ever been on venus?
It depends what you mean. The USSR landed several spacecraft there.
What was the first planet other then earth to have a spacecraft crash on it?
Venus was "hit" by the soviet Venera 3 in 1966.
What color is the sky on Venus?
A Soviet spacecraft that landed on Venus showed the sky to be yellow in a picture but this is because of the sulferous clouds in the Venusian atmosphere.
What spacecraft landed on mars moons?
The Mariner spacecraft landed on the planet Mars, and the Apollo spacecraft landed on the moon.
What spacecraft landed on Neptune?
No spacecraft from Earth has ever landed on Neptune.
How long did the first Russian Probelast on Venus?
The first Russian Probelast on Venus, Venera 7, landed on December 15, 1970. It was the first spacecraft to successfully transmit data back from the surface of Venus.
Who visited Venus first?
Mariner 2 spacecraft (USA) flew past in 1962. A "Venera" probe ( USSR) landed in 1970.
What are the three celestial bodies were landers have successfully landed?
Controlled landings by probes or spacecraft have been achieved on the Moon, Venus, and Mars.
