H-
Comment: I haven't checked this, but I think "neutral hydrogen atoms" is a more likely answer.
The primary layers of the atmosphere that absorb heat from the sun are the troposphere and the stratosphere. In the troposphere, the Earth's surface absorbs solar radiation and then re-emits it as infrared radiation, which warms the air. The stratosphere contains ozone, which absorbs significant amounts of ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun, converting it into heat. Together, these layers help regulate the Earth's temperature and protect life from harmful solar radiation.
The radiation zone is a region in the interior of a star where energy is transported outward by electromagnetic radiation, primarily in the form of photons. In this zone, energy is carried through the star's layers by the absorption and re-emission of photons. The radiation zone is located between the core and the convection zone of a star.
Solar energy leaves the core of the sun in the form of electromagnetic radiation, primarily as visible light and heat. This energy travels through the sun's layers until it reaches the surface and is then emitted into space in the form of sunlight.
It can take thousands to millions of years for a photon to travel from the core of the Sun to its surface due to the dense interactions and scattering of photons within the Sun's outer layers. Once a photon reaches the surface, it takes only about 8 minutes to travel to Earth.
The three main layers of the sun are the core, the radiative zone, and the convective zone. The core is where nuclear fusion occurs, converting hydrogen into helium. The radiative zone is where energy is transported by photons, while the convective zone is where energy is transferred by gas moving in convection currents.
Energy in the form of light photons travels through the many layers of the sun by a process called radiation. In the sun's core, nuclear fusion creates high-energy photons that travel outward through the radiative zone, where they bounce around and gradually lose energy. Eventually, the photons reach the convective zone, where they move more freely and reach the sun's surface as visible light.
The primary layers of the atmosphere that absorb heat from the sun are the troposphere and the stratosphere. In the troposphere, the Earth's surface absorbs solar radiation and then re-emits it as infrared radiation, which warms the air. The stratosphere contains ozone, which absorbs significant amounts of ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun, converting it into heat. Together, these layers help regulate the Earth's temperature and protect life from harmful solar radiation.
there are 2 layers of skin the first is pourus the second is not so the water gets between the layers, first layer absorbs moisture and so alters shape.
There are species in all layers.
The stratosphere and the thermosphere are the two layers of the atmosphere that heat up because they absorb high-energy rays from the sun. The ozone layer in the stratosphere absorbs UV radiation, while the thermosphere absorbs extreme ultraviolet and X-ray radiation.
The more recent rock layers will contain fossils that are more similar to current species because of evolution. The older the fossils, the more evolutionary changes will exist between them and current species which accounts for the greater differences.
Assuming the layers aren't deformed, the lowest deposition layers are the earliest. Later deposition layers accumulate on top of the earlier layers. Thus, the lowest layers have the earliest fossils, and the highest layers have newer fossils. By comparing the features of early and late fossils of a species, you can determine some of its evolutionary changes. Of course, not all features survive in a fossil - soft tissues, for example.
By comparing fossils in higher sedimentary layers with fossils in lower sedimentary layers, scientists can learn about the relative ages of the fossils. This helps in understanding the sequence of events in Earth's history and the evolutionary relationships between different species.
because of the layers in the trees
The layers of ecological organization are individual organisms, populations of a single species, communities of multiple species, ecosystems which include both biotic and abiotic factors, and finally the biosphere which encompasses all ecosystems on Earth.
Photovoltaic (PV) cells primarily rely on photons and electrons for activation. Photons, which are particles of light, strike the solar cell and excite electrons in the semiconductor material, typically silicon. This excitation allows the electrons to move freely, creating an electric current when collected by the cell's conductive layers. Thus, the interaction between photons and electrons is essential for the operation of PV cells.
Both !... While most species are oviparous (egg-layers) there are also some species that are ovoviviparous (live-bearers).