A Planetary Nebula.
See related question.
planetary
The correct sequence of layers of the atmosphere from innermost to outermost is the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. The troposphere is where weather occurs and contains most of the atmosphere's mass. Above it, the stratosphere houses the ozone layer, followed by the mesosphere, where temperatures decrease with altitude. The thermosphere is characterized by high temperatures and low density, and the exosphere is the outermost layer, where the atmosphere gradually fades into space.
The final stage of a yellow star like our Sun is the formation of a planetary nebula. This occurs when the star sheds its outer layers into space, leaving behind a hot core called a white dwarf. Over time, the white dwarf will cool and fade away.
Heavier metals sink into the center during the formation of a planet due to a process called planetary differentiation. This occurs because heavier elements have a higher density and therefore sink towards the core of the planet, while lighter elements accumulate on the surface. This results in the formation of distinct layers within the planet based on the density of the materials.
Stars share several similarities, including their composition primarily of hydrogen and helium, and the process of nuclear fusion that occurs in their cores, which produces energy and light. They also form from clouds of gas and dust in space, known as nebulae, and follow a life cycle that includes stages such as protostar, main sequence, and eventually a final state like a white dwarf, neutron star, or black hole. Additionally, stars can be categorized by their brightness, size, and temperature, leading to classifications such as main sequence stars, giants, and supergiants.
planetary
A Planetary Nebula. See related question.
The formation of endodermal and ectodermal germ layers occurs during gastrulation. This process involves the movement and organization of cells in the early embryo to establish these distinct layers, which give rise to different tissues and organs in later development.
An unconformity forms during a gap in the geological record where sediment deposition stops for a period, leading to erosion or non-deposition before new layers of sediment are laid down. This typically occurs after older rock layers have been exposed to the surface and eroded, followed by a subsequent period where new sediment is deposited atop the eroded surface. In a sequence of events, the formation of an unconformity can be identified between the older, eroded layers and the newer sedimentary layers that form afterward.
Tensional stress occurs when layers of rock are pulled apart. This type of stress results in the stretching and thinning of rock layers, leading to the formation of features like rift valleys or normal faults.
dome mountain
A fold or anticline formation occurs when compression causes the Earth to rise higher than the surrounding area. This is a type of deformation in the Earth's crust where rock layers are pushed together, causing an upward arching of the layers.
An expanded star refers to a star that has undergone significant changes in its structure, typically during the later stages of its life cycle. As a star exhausts its nuclear fuel, it can expand into a red giant or supergiant phase, where its outer layers swell significantly. This expansion occurs as the star's core contracts while the outer layers are pushed outward due to increased pressure from nuclear fusion in the shell surrounding the core. Eventually, these expanded stars may shed their outer layers, leading to the formation of planetary nebulae or supernovae, depending on the star's mass.
The buckling of rock layers is known as folding. Folding occurs when rock layers are subjected to compressional forces, causing them to bend and deform. This process can result in the formation of structures like anticlines and synclines.
The process that accounts for the formation of horizontally layered rocks is called sedimentation. Sedimentation occurs when sediments, such as sand, silt, and clay, are carried by water, wind, or ice and eventually settle in layers. Over time, these layers of sediment can become compacted and cemented together to form solid rock layers.
The number that occurs most in a number sequence.
The squeezing of layers of sediment is called compaction. This process occurs as sediments are buried under additional layers, causing the weight of the overlying material to compress the particles together. Compaction reduces the volume of the sediment and expels water, contributing to the formation of sedimentary rock.