I wonder the same thing. I just got a CEL for a bad catalyst - low bank 1. And I've never gotten these random headaches, which appear when exhaust enters my car. So my guess would be yes. Especially if you notice random test from under car at random times, but no over heating. Could just be a leak somewhere in your exhaust system.
There's no possible way to pass inspection with a bad catalytic converter, if if you find out you have a bad catalytic converter during your inspection you have a chance after you after you have replaced the catalytic converter and the inspection no no charge/free!!
No, the catalytic converter is downstream from the EGR valve so it has no effect on it.
Transmission torque converter or an exhuast catalytic converter?
A bad coil can damage a converter. If the engine is misfiring, it will cause raw fuel to get into the converter and that can cause failure.
A bad catalytic converter can cause hard starts if it has become clogged. This produces excessive back pressure in the engine.
Yes. If a coil is bad causing one or more cylinders to not fire, this allows raw unburned fuel to enter the catalytic converter, where it is burned. This can ruin a converter.
A bad catalytic converter will cause a severely restricted exhaust system. You would notice a lack of power and performance from you vehicle and in cases of a completely blocked converter, the engine may not run.
Yes it is possible.
Yes it does.
They can become clogged or they can burn out.
No.
Yes, you can do serious damage to the engine if the converter is clogged.