All Cars are not the same and the locations vary. It is not likely this is why it doesn't run. Have a independent repair shop diagnose it for you.
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can a bad altenator make my computer in my car to stop running
You
Turn it on; if it's off, it's gone bad.
Depending on what do you mean by "going bad". just so you know, the slowest component of the computer is it's hard drive (because it's mechanical) , therefore, a bad hard drive will probably slow things down.
going on to dangerous stuff. Don't ever get Rouge antiviruses they are BAD!
If bearings go bad they will "squeal"
stripping is not bad but im going to tell you this make the money dont let the money make you
A bad o2 sensor could confuse the cars computer. This can make the computer to send wrong signals to the engine, resulting in the engine not running properly.
Will that make your car sip an run bad
Could be, Air in the PS system, Loose/worn PS belt, PS pump going bad, CV axle joint going bad, Wheel bearing going bad,
no, it is not bad. but god is not going to make that happen.