Yes.
take them out . you should charge battery then be ok.
No, It will charge ok while connected in the motorcycle.
yes
It is better than a 50% charge but not as good as a 100% charge.
You need to add electrolyte and charge the battery. You will then know if it is ok. It may be fine, and it may not be.
yes, it's OK to charge the battery. A switch like this is controlled by voltage so low voltage could make the switch not work.
It is always good to charge a battery to its full capacity before it is fully charged.
charge the battery should be ok
You should pull the battery and have it tested. If it tests ok, pull the alternator and have it tested. Most auto parts stores have the equipment to test these and there should be no charge for the test.
I've done it with no problems, but I don't know if that means it's always ok to do it or not. It may depend on how long it takes your phone to charge, as well as how good your car battery is.
Only if it's flat and refuses to charge and the electrolyte is OK...
Bad battery won't take charge Bad battery cables Fuseable link