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the internal combustion engine works by converting chemical energy (fuel) into heat energy. the heat energy then expands the compressed air to drive the piston down. typically a third of this heat goes straight out of the exhaust, which is why the exhaust gets hot. another third of the heat is absorbed into the engine, hence the need for a cooling system which means that only a third of the heat generated is used to drive the psiton down making the internal combustion engine only about 33% efficient. robb

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