You have a thermostat located likely in the radiator at the bottom. It screws in and completes the circuit to turn on the fan when it reaches a certain temperature. I'll bet that is your problem. Simply disconnect, unscrew and screw new one in. If you're not sure what you are looking for, go buy one first. You will lose fluid when you take it out, but not much if you are fast. Your temp gauge works because that sensor is a different one than the one that activates your fans. Of course, you can run straight power to the fans to confirm they work. Hope that helps.
You may need to replace the radiator thermostat and gasket.
Subaru Outback was created in 1995.
The Subaru Outback is sold in the US.
The question is why do you think it should? Is there an overheating problem with your Outback?
The 2001 Subaru Outback has 16 valves.
The 2013 Subaru Outback has 16 valves.
The 2002 Subaru Outback has 16 valves.
The 2005 Subaru Outback has 16 valves.
The 2003 Subaru Outback has 16 valves.
The 2010 Subaru Outback has 16 valves.
The 2014 Subaru Outback has 16 valves.
The 2004 Subaru Outback has 16 valves.