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tires have tread to grip the road surface better, disperse water and snow and also contribute to a more quiet and comfortable ride
To enable them to shift water from the road surface during rain which helps to improve grip.

Answer

Tyres have tread for traction and to displace water on a wet road. Without tread on a tyre you would have to run tyres with an extremely soft compound construction in order to have traction. This type tyre would not last very long and would hydroplane on a wet road. Race cars run tires without tread on dry racetracks. These type tyres have a very soft compound with excellent traction but are only meant to last around 100-200 miles.


There are many different style of tire treads from sand paddles to dig through sand dunes to racing slicks to get the upmost traction on a tacky hot race track. Generally speaking most average tires have tread to push water away from the tire while traveling so that you have more tire on the road for better grip and so that it decreases the chance of hydroplaning.
For traction and to channel water out from under the tire. If they were smooth they would just spin without moving the car.
To carry water away from the contact patch and let the tread blocks (the part that is not a groove) to sit down on the pavement and provide traction even in the wet. They also have some functionality in snow, providing mechanical traction via the groove edges and their interaction with the snow.
Tread patterns grip road surfaces differently. A good pattern for snow is not good for rain etc.
Tires have treads so they grip the road better in wet conditions. Slick or smooth tires will hydroplane in the wet.
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