The southern most island in Europe is the Island of Gavdos. It is located off the southern coast of Crete.
Denmark and Greece most likely have the most islands, but the United Kingdom is full of islands as well, specifically in Scotland.
The Falkland Islands are closest to Argentina.
Philippines
The Galapagos Islands are part of the South American country Ecuador.
Sweden
Argentina
The American dollar is the currency of Galapagos Islands, same as Ecuador which is the country that Galapagos is part of.
American Samoa and the US Virgin Islands.
The Galapagos Islands are part of the SOuth American country of Ecuador:
The Juan Fernandez Islands are indeed owned by the country of Chile. This is part of their Valparaiso Region that includes the Desventuradas Islands.
Argentina is the nearest.