No. Turin was the first capital of Italy. Florence replaced Turin in 1865.
It is 442 Miles from Rome to Turin
Rome Venice Genoa Florence Milan
Turin, Rome, Naples, Milan, Palmero, Florence, Venice
about 137 miles
433 miles
86 km
195 miles
There are lots of cities in northen Italy, like Milan, Turin and Florence.
about 780 kms
Check on google maps
About 770km