There are several reasons why a evaporator coil freezes. They include a dirty air filter, a malfunctioning fan, or clogged air returns.
Condenser coil
The transfer of heat from one space to another. Usually using latent heat evaporation in the evaporator coil, rejecting it in the latent heat of condensation in the condensor coil, using the compressor to pump the refrigerant and the metering device to cause a pressure and therefore temperature drop.
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Heat pump pool heaters use electricity to capture heat. As the pool pump circulates the water, it is drawn from the pool and through a filter and into the heat pump heater. The heater itself has a fan that pulls in outside air and pushes it over the evaporator coil. At this point liquid refrigerant in the evaporator coil absorbs the heat from the outside air converting it into a gas. The gas is then passed through the compressor where it increases the heat. This very hot gas is then sent through the condenser where the hot gas is transferred to the cool pool water circulating through the heater. The heated water is then returned to the pool. A pool heater on the other hand uses the gas directly to heat the water by fueling the combustion chamber.
A thermostatic expansion valve in a heat pump system controls the flow of refrigerant entering the evaporator coil based on the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant exiting the coil. It maintains a constant superheat at the evaporator outlet to ensure optimal efficiency and performance by adjusting the size of the refrigerant opening. This helps regulate the cooling capacity of the system and prevents liquid refrigerant from entering the compressor.
The only permanent suction line in a heat pump is located between the evaporator and the compressor. This line carries the low-pressure refrigerant vapor from the evaporator, where it absorbs heat, to the compressor, where it is compressed into a high-pressure gas. This continuous flow is essential for the heat pump's operation, allowing it to transfer heat efficiently from one location to another.
Low airflow or refrigerant or both. Is your a/c a Heat pump or a straight a/c. If it is a heat pump this could be a normal operation of the defrost cycle. My answer to this question was thumb down. That answer should have been a thumb up. It was an excellent question and I agree with the answer given about low airflow or refrigerant. I just had a unit did and it was a very small, small hole in the Evaporator Coil.The Evaporator coil was replaced and the unit works excellent.
In a heat pump system used for cooling, the coolant absorbs heat from the building's indoor air through an evaporator coil, turning from a liquid to a gas. The gas is then compressed by the compressor, increasing its temperature and pressure. The hot gas releases heat to the outdoor air through a condenser coil, turning back into a liquid. The liquid coolant then expands through an expansion valve, lowering its temperature and repeating the cycle.
A valve is used to reverse the flow of freon. In the heat mode, the high or hot side gas is pumped to the indoor unit, The low or cold side is pumped to the outdoor unit. The valve is reversed for the cool mode. Pumping cool gas to the indoor unit and hot gas to the outdoor unit.
If your low side (evaporator coil) pressure is higher than your high side (condenser coil) while the compressor is running, your switching valve is in the reversed position. That is, you are in the heating mode of the heat-pump, and the pressures are reversed to provide heat into the home.
A heat pump defrosts itself by reversing its cycle to temporarily warm up the outdoor coil. This melts any ice buildup on the coil, allowing the heat pump to continue operating efficiently. The melted ice typically drains away or evaporates.
In a heat pump system, the indoor unit is not called the evaporator because it serves a dual function as both the evaporator (during cooling mode) and the condenser (during heating mode). The indoor unit absorbs heat from the indoor air during heating mode and releases it into the indoor space, while it absorbs heat from the indoor space during cooling mode and releases it outside.